Recognise more exceptions (#129)

CLAUDE.md

@@ -67,13 +67,12 @@ dotnet run --project WoofWare.PawPrint.App/WoofWare.PawPrint.App.fsproj -- CShar
 - `Corelib.fs`: Core library type definitions (String, Array, etc.)
 
 **WoofWare.PawPrint.Test**
-- Uses Expecto as the test framework
+- Uses NUnit as the test framework
 - Test cases are defined in `TestPureCases.fs` and `TestImpureCases.fs`
-- C# source files in `sources{Pure,Impure}/` are compiled and executed by the runtime as test cases
+- C# source files in `sources{Pure,Impure}/` are compiled and executed by the runtime as test cases; files in `sourcesPure` are automatically turned into test cases with no further action (see TestPureCases.fs for the mechanism)
 - `TestHarness.fs` provides infrastructure for running test assemblies through the interpreter
 - Run all tests with `dotnet run --project WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/WoofWare.PawPrint.Test.fsproj -- --no-spinner` (note the additional `--`)
 - Run a specific test with `dotnet run --project WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/WoofWare.PawPrint.Test.fsproj -- --filter-test-case StringWithinTestName --no-spinner`
-- Pending test definitions must be moved into the non-pending test case list before they can be run.
 
 **WoofWare.PawPrint.App**
 - Entry point application for running the interpreter

WoofWare.PawPrint.Domain/TypeConcretisation.fs

@@ -337,6 +337,23 @@ module ConcreteActivePatterns =
             | None -> None
         | _ -> None
 
+    let (|ConcreteUInt64|_|) (concreteTypes : AllConcreteTypes) (handle : ConcreteTypeHandle) : unit option =
+        match handle with
+        | ConcreteTypeHandle.Concrete id ->
+            match concreteTypes.Mapping |> Map.tryFind id with
+            | Some ct ->
+                if
+                    ct.Assembly.Name = "System.Private.CoreLib"
+                    && ct.Namespace = "System"
+                    && ct.Name = "UInt64"
+                    && ct.Generics.IsEmpty
+                then
+                    Some ()
+                else
+                    None
+            | None -> None
+        | _ -> None
+
     let (|ConcreteSingle|_|) (concreteTypes : AllConcreteTypes) (handle : ConcreteTypeHandle) : unit option =
         match handle with
         | ConcreteTypeHandle.Concrete id ->

WoofWare.PawPrint.Domain/TypeDefn.fs

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ open System.Reflection.Metadata
 open System.Reflection.Metadata.Ecma335
 open Microsoft.FSharp.Core
 
+[<RequireQualifiedAccess>]
+[<NoComparison>]
 type ResolvedBaseType =
     | Enum
     | ValueType

WoofWare.PawPrint.Domain/TypeInfo.fs

@@ -190,6 +190,18 @@ type BaseClassTypes<'corelib> =
         TypedReference : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
         IntPtr : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
         UIntPtr : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        Exception : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        ArithmeticException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        DivideByZeroException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        OverflowException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        StackOverflowException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        TypeLoadException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        IndexOutOfRangeException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        InvalidCastException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        MissingFieldException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        MissingMethodException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        NullReferenceException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
+        OutOfMemoryException : TypeInfo<GenericParamFromMetadata, TypeDefn>
     }
 
 [<RequireQualifiedAccess>]

WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/LoggerFactory.fs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ module LoggerFactory =
     let makeTest () : (unit -> LogLine list) * ILoggerFactory =
         // Shared sink for all loggers created by the factory.
         let sink = ResizeArray ()
-        let isEnabled (logLevel : LogLevel) : bool = logLevel >= LogLevel.Debug
+        let isEnabled (logLevel : LogLevel) : bool = logLevel >= LogLevel.Information
 
         let createLogger (category : string) : ILogger =
             { new ILogger with

WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/TestImpureCases.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 namespace WoofWare.Pawprint.Test
 
+open System
 open System.Collections.Immutable
 open System.IO
 open FsUnitTyped

WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/TestPureCases.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 namespace WoofWare.Pawprint.Test
 
+open System
 open System.Collections.Immutable
 open System.IO
 open FsUnitTyped
@@ -16,166 +17,65 @@ module TestPureCases =
 
     let unimplemented =
         [
-            {
-                FileName = "CrossAssemblyTypes.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "OverlappingStructs.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "AdvancedStructLayout.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "InitializeArray.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Threads.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 3
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "ComplexTryCatch.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 14
-                NativeImpls = NativeImpls.PassThru ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "ResizeArray.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 114
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "LdtokenField.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "GenericEdgeCases.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "UnsafeAs.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
+            "CrossAssemblyTypes.cs"
+            "OverlappingStructs.cs"
+            "AdvancedStructLayout.cs"
+            "InitializeArray.cs"
+            "Threads.cs"
+            "ComplexTryCatch.cs"
+            "ResizeArray.cs"
+            "LdtokenField.cs"
+            "GenericEdgeCases.cs"
+            "UnsafeAs.cs"
         ]
+        |> Set.ofList
+
+    let requiresMocks =
+        let empty = MockEnv.make ()
 
-    let cases : EndToEndTestCase list =
         [
-            {
-                FileName = "NoOp.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 1
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Sizeof.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Sizeof2.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Initobj.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TestShl.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TestShr.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "StaticVariables.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Ldind.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "CustomDelegate.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 8
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "ArgumentOrdering.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "BasicLock.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 1
-                NativeImpls =
-                    let mock = MockEnv.make ()
-
-                    { mock with
-                        System_Threading_Monitor = System_Threading_Monitor.passThru
-                    }
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TriangleNumber.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 10
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "ExceptionWithNoOpFinally.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 3
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "ExceptionWithNoOpCatch.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 10
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Floats.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TryCatchWithThrowInBody.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 4
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "Ldelema.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TypeConcretization.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "TestOr.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
-            {
-                FileName = "InterfaceDispatch.cs"
-                ExpectedReturnCode = 0
-                NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
-            }
+            "BasicLock.cs",
+            (1,
+             { empty with
+                 System_Threading_Monitor = System_Threading_Monitor.passThru
+             })
         ]
+        |> Map.ofList
+
+    let customExitCodes =
+        [
+            "NoOp.cs", 1
+            "CustomDelegate.cs", 8
+            "ExceptionWithNoOpFinally.cs", 3
+            "ExceptionWithNoOpCatch.cs", 10
+            "TryCatchWithThrowInBody.cs", 4
+            "ResizeArray.cs", 114
+            "Threads.cs", 3
+            "TriangleNumber.cs", 10
+        ]
+        |> Map.ofList
+
+    let allPure =
+        assy.GetManifestResourceNames ()
+        |> Seq.choose (fun res ->
+            let s = "WoofWare.PawPrint.Test.sourcesPure."
+
+            if res.StartsWith (s, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) then
+                res.Substring s.Length |> Some
+            else
+                None
+        )
+        |> Set.ofSeq
+
+    let simpleCases : string list =
+        allPure
+        |> Seq.filter (fun s ->
+            (customExitCodes.ContainsKey s
+             || requiresMocks.ContainsKey s
+             || unimplemented.Contains s)
+            |> not
+        )
+        |> Seq.toList
 
     let runTest (case : EndToEndTestCase) : unit =
         let source = Assembly.getEmbeddedResourceAsString case.FileName assy
@@ -210,9 +110,43 @@ module TestPureCases =
 
             reraise ()
 
+    [<TestCaseSource(nameof simpleCases)>]
+    let ``Standard tests`` (fileName : string) =
+        {
+            FileName = fileName
+            ExpectedReturnCode = 0
+            NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
+        }
+        |> runTest
+
+    [<TestCaseSource(nameof customExitCodes)>]
+    let ``Custom exit code tests`` (KeyValue (fileName : string, exitCode : int)) =
+        if unimplemented.Contains fileName then
+            Assert.Inconclusive ()
+
+        {
+            FileName = fileName
+            ExpectedReturnCode = exitCode
+            NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
+        }
+        |> runTest
+
+    [<TestCaseSource(nameof requiresMocks)>]
+    let ``Tests which require mocks`` (KeyValue (fileName : string, (exitCode : int, mock : NativeImpls))) =
+        {
+            FileName = fileName
+            ExpectedReturnCode = exitCode
+            NativeImpls = mock
+        }
+        |> runTest
+
+
     [<TestCaseSource(nameof unimplemented)>]
     [<Explicit>]
-    let ``Can evaluate C# files, unimplemented`` (case : EndToEndTestCase) = runTest case
-
-    [<TestCaseSource(nameof cases)>]
-    let ``Can evaluate C# files`` (case : EndToEndTestCase) = runTest case
+    let ``Can evaluate C# files, unimplemented`` (fileName : string) =
+        {
+            FileName = fileName
+            ExpectedReturnCode = 0
+            NativeImpls = MockEnv.make ()
+        }
+        |> runTest

WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/sourcesPure/ComparisonOperations.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+public class TestComparisonOperations
+{
+    // Test Ceq: Compare equal
+    public static int TestCompareEqual()
+    {
+        // Integer equality
+        if ((5 == 5) != true) return 1;
+        if ((5 == 6) != false) return 2;
+        if ((int.MaxValue == int.MaxValue) != true) return 3;
+        if ((int.MinValue == int.MaxValue) != false) return 4;
+        
+        // Negative numbers
+        if ((-1 == -1) != true) return 5;
+        if ((-5 == 5) != false) return 6;
+        
+        // Long equality
+        if ((100L == 100L) != true) return 7;
+        if ((100L == 101L) != false) return 8;
+        
+        // Mixed sizes (after promotion)
+        int i = 42;
+        long l = 42L;
+        if ((l == (long)i) != true) return 9;
+        
+        // Zero comparisons
+        if ((0 == 0) != true) return 10;
+        if ((0 == 1) != false) return 11;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test Cgt: Compare greater than (signed)
+    public static int TestCompareGreaterThan()
+    {
+        // Positive integers
+        if ((10 > 5) != true) return 20;
+        if ((5 > 10) != false) return 21;
+        if ((5 > 5) != false) return 22;
+        
+        // Negative integers
+        if ((-5 > -10) != true) return 23;
+        if ((-10 > -5) != false) return 24;
+        if ((5 > -5) != true) return 25;
+        if ((-5 > 5) != false) return 26;
+        
+        // Boundary values
+        if ((int.MaxValue > int.MinValue) != true) return 27;
+        if ((int.MinValue > int.MaxValue) != false) return 28;
+        if ((int.MaxValue > (int.MaxValue - 1)) != true) return 29;
+        
+        // Zero comparisons
+        if ((1 > 0) != true) return 30;
+        if ((0 > 1) != false) return 31;
+        if ((-1 > 0) != false) return 32;
+        if ((0 > -1) != true) return 33;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test Cgt_un: Compare greater than (unsigned)
+    public static int TestCompareGreaterThanUnsigned()
+    {
+        uint a = 10;
+        uint b = 5;
+        
+        // Basic unsigned comparison
+        if ((a > b) != true) return 40;
+        if ((b > a) != false) return 41;
+        if ((a > a) != false) return 42;
+        
+        // High bit set (would be negative if signed)
+        uint high = 0x80000000;
+        uint low = 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        if ((high > low) != true) return 43;  // Unsigned: high > low
+        
+        // Maximum values
+        uint max = uint.MaxValue;
+        uint min = uint.MinValue;
+        if ((max > min) != true) return 44;
+        if ((min > max) != false) return 45;
+        
+        // Interpret negative as unsigned
+        uint negAsUint = unchecked((uint)-1);
+        uint one = 1;
+        if ((negAsUint > one) != true) return 46;  // 0xFFFFFFFF > 1
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test Clt: Compare less than (signed)
+    public static int TestCompareLessThan()
+    {
+        // Positive integers
+        if ((5 < 10) != true) return 50;
+        if ((10 < 5) != false) return 51;
+        if ((5 < 5) != false) return 52;
+        
+        // Negative integers
+        if ((-10 < -5) != true) return 53;
+        if ((-5 < -10) != false) return 54;
+        if ((-5 < 5) != true) return 55;
+        if ((5 < -5) != false) return 56;
+        
+        // Boundary values
+        if ((int.MinValue < int.MaxValue) != true) return 57;
+        if ((int.MaxValue < int.MinValue) != false) return 58;
+        
+        // Zero comparisons
+        if ((0 < 1) != true) return 59;
+        if ((1 < 0) != false) return 60;
+        if ((0 < -1) != false) return 61;
+        if ((-1 < 0) != true) return 62;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test Clt_un: Compare less than (unsigned)
+    public static int TestCompareLessThanUnsigned()
+    {
+        uint a = 5;
+        uint b = 10;
+        
+        // Basic unsigned comparison
+        if ((a < b) != true) return 70;
+        if ((b < a) != false) return 71;
+        if ((a < a) != false) return 72;
+        
+        // High bit set
+        uint high = 0x80000000;
+        uint low = 0x7FFFFFFF;
+        if ((low < high) != true) return 73;  // Unsigned: low < high
+        
+        // Boundary values
+        uint max = uint.MaxValue;
+        uint min = uint.MinValue;
+        if ((min < max) != true) return 74;
+        if ((max < min) != false) return 75;
+        
+        // Negative as unsigned
+        uint one = 1;
+        uint negAsUint = unchecked((uint)-1);
+        if ((one < negAsUint) != true) return 76;  // 1 < 0xFFFFFFFF
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test comparison combinations
+    public static int TestComparisonCombinations()
+    {
+        int x = 10;
+        int y = 20;
+        int z = 10;
+        
+        // Equality chains
+        if ((x == z) != true) return 80;
+        if ((x == y) != false) return 81;
+        
+        // Inequality combinations
+        if ((x < y && y > x) != true) return 82;
+        if ((x < y && x == y) != false) return 83;
+        
+        // Transitive comparisons
+        if (x < y && y < 30)
+        {
+            if ((x < 30) != true) return 84;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return 85;
+        }
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test comparisons with different types
+    public static int TestMixedTypeComparisons()
+    {
+        // byte comparisons (unsigned by default)
+        byte b1 = 200;
+        byte b2 = 100;
+        if ((b1 > b2) != true) return 90;
+        
+        // sbyte comparisons (signed)
+        sbyte sb1 = -50;
+        sbyte sb2 = 50;
+        if ((sb1 < sb2) != true) return 91;
+        
+        // short comparisons
+        short s1 = -1000;
+        short s2 = 1000;
+        if ((s1 < s2) != true) return 92;
+        if ((s1 == s2) != false) return 93;
+        
+        // long comparisons
+        long l1 = long.MaxValue;
+        long l2 = long.MinValue;
+        if ((l1 > l2) != true) return 94;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Test null comparisons
+    public static int TestNullComparisons()
+    {
+        object obj1 = null;
+        object obj2 = null;
+        object obj3 = new object();
+        
+        // Null equality
+        if ((obj1 == obj2) != true) return 100;
+        if ((obj1 == obj3) != false) return 101;
+        if ((obj3 == obj1) != false) return 102;
+        
+        // String null comparisons
+        string s1 = null;
+        string s2 = null;
+        string s3 = "";
+        
+        if ((s1 == s2) != true) return 103;
+        if ((s1 == s3) != false) return 104;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    public static int Main(string[] argv)
+    {
+        int result;
+        
+        result = TestCompareEqual();
+        if (result != 0) return 100 + result;
+        
+        result = TestCompareGreaterThan();
+        if (result != 0) return 200 + result;
+        
+        result = TestCompareGreaterThanUnsigned();
+        if (result != 0) return 300 + result;
+        
+        result = TestCompareLessThan();
+        if (result != 0) return 400 + result;
+        
+        result = TestCompareLessThanUnsigned();
+        if (result != 0) return 500 + result;
+        
+        result = TestComparisonCombinations();
+        if (result != 0) return 600 + result;
+        
+        result = TestMixedTypeComparisons();
+        if (result != 0) return 700 + result;
+        
+        result = TestNullComparisons();
+        if (result != 0) return 800 + result;
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+}

WoofWare.PawPrint.Test/sourcesPure/StackOperations.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+public class TestStackOperations
+{
+    // Test LdArg0-3: Load method arguments
+    public static int TestLoadArguments(int arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3)
+    {
+        // LdArg0 loads 'this' for instance methods or first arg for static
+        if (arg0 != 10) return 1;
+
+        // LdArg1 loads second argument
+        if (arg1 != 20) return 2;
+
+        // LdArg2 loads third argument
+        if (arg2 != 30) return 3;
+
+        // LdArg3 loads fourth argument
+        if (arg3 != 40) return 4;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Test Ldloc_0-3 and Stloc_0-3: Load/store local variables
+    public static int TestLocalVariables()
+    {
+        int local0 = 100;
+        int local1 = 200;
+        int local2 = 300;
+        int local3 = 400;
+
+        // Test loading locals
+        if (local0 != 100) return 10;
+        if (local1 != 200) return 11;
+        if (local2 != 300) return 12;
+        if (local3 != 400) return 13;
+
+        // Test storing to locals
+        local0 = local1 + local2;  // Stloc_0
+        if (local0 != 500) return 14;
+
+        local1 = local2 * 2;  // Stloc_1
+        if (local1 != 600) return 15;
+
+        local2 = local3 - 100;  // Stloc_2
+        if (local2 != 300) return 16;
+
+        local3 = local0 / 5;  // Stloc_3
+        if (local3 != 100) return 17;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Test Pop: Remove top stack value
+    public static int TestPop()
+    {
+        int value = 42;
+
+        // Push value on stack then pop it
+        PushAndPop(value);
+
+        // If we get here, pop worked
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static void PushAndPop(int value)
+    {
+        // The compiler will generate pop instructions
+        // for unused return values
+        GetValue();
+        GetValue();
+    }
+
+    private static int GetValue()
+    {
+        return 123;
+    }
+
+    // Test Dup: Duplicate top stack value
+    public static int TestDup()
+    {
+        int value = 50;
+
+        // Dup is used when same value is needed twice
+        int result1 = value * value;  // Compiler may use dup here
+        if (result1 != 2500) return 20;
+
+        // More complex dup scenario
+        int x = 10;
+        int result2 = AddTwice(x);
+        if (result2 != 20) return 21;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static int AddTwice(int val)
+    {
+        // Compiler may generate dup to use val twice
+        return val + val;
+    }
+
+    // Test Ret: Return from method
+    public static int TestReturn()
+    {
+        // Test void return
+        VoidReturn();
+
+        // Test value return
+        int result = ValueReturn(5);
+        if (result != 5) return 30;
+
+        // Test early return
+        result = EarlyReturn(true);
+        if (result != 1) return 31;
+
+        result = EarlyReturn(false);
+        if (result != 2) return 32;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static void VoidReturn()
+    {
+        // Ret with no value
+        return;
+    }
+
+    private static int ValueReturn(int x)
+    {
+        // Ret with value
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    private static int EarlyReturn(bool condition)
+    {
+        if (condition)
+            return 1;  // Early ret
+
+        return 2;  // Normal ret
+    }
+
+    // Test combinations of stack operations
+    public static int TestStackCombinations()
+    {
+        int a = 10, b = 20, c = 30;
+
+        // Complex expression using multiple locals
+        int result = (a + b) * c - (b - a);
+        if (result != 890) return 40;
+
+        // Nested method calls
+        result = Compute(a, Compute(b, c));
+        if (result != 60) return 41;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private static int Compute(int x, int y)
+    {
+        return x + y;
+    }
+
+    public static int Main(string[] argv)
+    {
+        int result;
+
+        result = TestLoadArguments(10, 20, 30, 40);
+        if (result != 0) return 100 + result;
+
+        result = TestLocalVariables();
+        if (result != 0) return 200 + result;
+
+        result = TestPop();
+        if (result != 0) return 300 + result;
+
+        result = TestDup();
+        if (result != 0) return 400 + result;
+
+        result = TestReturn();
+        if (result != 0) return 500 + result;
+
+        result = TestStackCombinations();
+        if (result != 0) return 600 + result;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+}

WoofWare.PawPrint/AbstractMachine.fs

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module AbstractMachine =
                 | Some {
                            WasConstructingObj = Some _
                        } ->
-                    IlMachineState.executeDelegateConstructor instruction state
+                    IlMachineState.executeDelegateConstructor baseClassTypes instruction state
                     // can't advance the program counter here - there's no IL instructions executing!
                     |> IlMachineState.returnStackFrame loggerFactory baseClassTypes thread
                     |> Option.get

WoofWare.PawPrint/BasicCliType.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 namespace WoofWare.PawPrint
 
+open System
 open System.Collections.Immutable
 open System.Reflection
 open Checked
@@ -134,6 +135,28 @@ type CliNumericType =
         | CliNumericType.Float32 _ -> 4
         | CliNumericType.Float64 _ -> 8
 
+    static member ToBytes (t : CliNumericType) : byte[] =
+        match t with
+        | CliNumericType.Int32 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.Int64 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.NativeInt src ->
+            match src with
+            | NativeIntSource.Verbatim i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+            | NativeIntSource.ManagedPointer src ->
+                match src with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null -> BitConverter.GetBytes 0L
+                | _ -> failwith "refusing to express pointer as bytes"
+            | NativeIntSource.FieldHandlePtr _ -> failwith "refusing to express FieldHandlePtr as bytes"
+            | NativeIntSource.FunctionPointer _ -> failwith "refusing to express FunctionPointer as bytes"
+            | NativeIntSource.TypeHandlePtr _ -> failwith "refusing to express TypeHandlePtr as bytes"
+        | CliNumericType.NativeFloat f -> BitConverter.GetBytes f
+        | CliNumericType.Int8 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.Int16 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.UInt8 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.UInt16 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.Float32 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+        | CliNumericType.Float64 i -> BitConverter.GetBytes i
+
 type CliRuntimePointer =
     | Verbatim of int64
     | FieldRegistryHandle of int64
@@ -192,30 +215,46 @@ type CliType =
             }
         | CliType.ValueType vt -> CliValueType.SizeOf vt
 
+    static member ToBytes (t : CliType) : byte[] =
+        match t with
+        | CliType.Numeric n -> CliNumericType.ToBytes n
+        | CliType.Bool b -> [| b |]
+        | CliType.Char (high, low) -> [| low ; high |]
+        | CliType.ObjectRef None -> Array.zeroCreate NATIVE_INT_SIZE
+        | CliType.ObjectRef (Some i) -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.RuntimePointer cliRuntimePointer -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.ValueType cvt -> CliValueType.ToBytes cvt
+
+    static member OfBytesAsType (targetType : ConcreteTypeHandle) (bytes : byte[]) : CliType = failwith "TODO"
+
 and CliField =
     {
         Name : string
         Contents : CliType
         /// "None" for "no explicit offset specified"; we expect most offsets to be None.
         Offset : int option
+        Type : ConcreteTypeHandle
     }
 
-and private CliConcreteField =
-    {
-        Name : string
-        Contents : CliType
-        Offset : int
-        Size : int
-        Alignment : int
-        ConfiguredOffset : int option
-        EditedAtTime : uint64
-    }
+and CliConcreteField =
+    private
+        {
+            Name : string
+            Contents : CliType
+            Offset : int
+            Size : int
+            Alignment : int
+            ConfiguredOffset : int option
+            EditedAtTime : uint64
+            Type : ConcreteTypeHandle
+        }
 
     static member ToCliField (this : CliConcreteField) : CliField =
         {
             Offset = this.ConfiguredOffset
             Contents = this.Contents
             Name = this.Name
+            Type = this.Type
         }
 
 and CliValueType =
@@ -265,6 +304,7 @@ and CliValueType =
                             Alignment = size.Alignment
                             ConfiguredOffset = field.Offset
                             EditedAtTime = 0UL
+                            Type = field.Type
                         }
 
                     alignedOffset + size.Size, concreteField :: acc
@@ -286,11 +326,26 @@ and CliValueType =
                     Alignment = size.Alignment
                     ConfiguredOffset = field.Offset
                     EditedAtTime = 0UL
+                    Type = field.Type
                 }
             )
 
         | _ :: _, _ :: _ -> failwith "unexpectedly mixed explicit and automatic layout of fields"
 
+    static member ToBytes (cvt : CliValueType) : byte[] =
+        let bytes = Array.zeroCreate<byte> (CliValueType.SizeOf(cvt).Size)
+
+        cvt._Fields
+        |> List.sortBy _.EditedAtTime
+        |> List.iter (fun candidateField ->
+            let fieldBytes : byte[] = CliType.ToBytes candidateField.Contents
+
+            for i = 0 to candidateField.Size - 1 do
+                bytes.[candidateField.Offset + i] <- fieldBytes.[i]
+        )
+
+        bytes
+
     static member OfFields (layout : Layout) (f : CliField list) : CliValueType =
         let fields = CliValueType.ComputeConcreteFields layout f
 
@@ -318,6 +373,7 @@ and CliValueType =
                             match vt.Layout with
                             | Layout.Default -> None
                             | Layout.Custom _ -> Some cf.Offset
+                        Type = cf.Type
                     }
                 ))
 
@@ -341,7 +397,16 @@ and CliValueType =
             NextTimestamp = vt.NextTimestamp + 1UL
         }
 
-    // TODO: rewrite this so that it takes a CliConcreteField.
+    /// Returns the offset and size.
+    static member GetFieldLayout (field : string) (cvt : CliValueType) : int * int =
+        let targetField =
+            cvt._Fields
+            |> List.tryFind (fun f -> f.Name = field)
+            |> Option.defaultWith (fun () -> failwithf $"Field '%s{field}' not found")
+
+        targetField.Offset, targetField.Size
+
+    // TODO: use DereferenceFieldAt for the implementation.
     // We should eventually be able to dereference an arbitrary field of a struct
     // as though it were any other field of any other type, to accommodate Unsafe.As.
     static member DereferenceField (field : string) (cvt : CliValueType) : CliType =
@@ -366,11 +431,20 @@ and CliValueType =
         match affectedFields with
         | [] -> failwith "unexpectedly didn't dereference a field"
         | [ f ] -> f.Contents
-        | _ -> failwith "TODO: dereference overlapping fields"
+        | fields ->
+            let bytes = CliValueType.ToBytes cvt
+
+            let fieldBytes =
+                bytes.[targetField.Offset .. targetField.Offset + targetField.Size - 1]
+
+            CliType.OfBytesAsType targetField.Type fieldBytes
+
+    static member FieldsAt (offset : int) (cvt : CliValueType) : CliConcreteField list =
+        cvt._Fields |> List.filter (fun f -> f.Offset = offset)
 
     static member DereferenceFieldAt (offset : int) (size : int) (cvt : CliValueType) : CliType =
         let targetField =
-            cvt._Fields |> List.tryFind (fun f -> f.Offset = offset && f.Size = size)
+            CliValueType.FieldsAt offset cvt |> List.tryFind (fun f -> f.Size = size)
 
         match targetField with
         | None -> failwith "TODO: couldn't find the field"
@@ -470,7 +544,12 @@ module CliType =
 
     let sizeOf (ty : CliType) : int = CliType.SizeOf(ty).Size
 
-    let zeroOfPrimitive (primitiveType : PrimitiveType) : CliType =
+    let zeroOfPrimitive
+        (concreteTypes : AllConcreteTypes)
+        (corelib : BaseClassTypes<DumpedAssembly>)
+        (primitiveType : PrimitiveType)
+        : CliType
+        =
         match primitiveType with
         | PrimitiveType.Boolean -> CliType.Bool 0uy
         | PrimitiveType.Char -> CliType.Char (0uy, 0uy)
@@ -493,8 +572,16 @@ module CliType =
         | PrimitiveType.IntPtr ->
             {
                 Name = "_value"
-                Contents = CliType.RuntimePointer (CliRuntimePointer.Managed ManagedPointerSource.Null)
+                Contents =
+                    CliType.Numeric (
+                        CliNumericType.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null)
+                    )
                 Offset = None
+                Type =
+                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                        concreteTypes
+                        (corelib.IntPtr.Assembly, corelib.IntPtr.Namespace, corelib.IntPtr.Name, ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                    |> Option.get
             }
             |> List.singleton
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -502,8 +589,16 @@ module CliType =
         | PrimitiveType.UIntPtr ->
             {
                 Name = "_value"
-                Contents = CliType.RuntimePointer (CliRuntimePointer.Managed ManagedPointerSource.Null)
+                Contents =
+                    CliType.Numeric (
+                        CliNumericType.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null)
+                    )
                 Offset = None
+                Type =
+                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                        concreteTypes
+                        (corelib.UIntPtr.Assembly, corelib.UIntPtr.Namespace, corelib.UIntPtr.Name, ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                    |> Option.get
             }
             |> List.singleton
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -556,37 +651,37 @@ module CliType =
             then
                 // Check against known primitive types
                 if TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Boolean then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Boolean, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Boolean, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Char then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Char, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Char, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.SByte then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.SByte, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.SByte, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Byte then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Byte, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Byte, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Int16 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Int16, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Int16, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.UInt16 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.UInt16, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.UInt16, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Int32 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Int32, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Int32, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.UInt32 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.UInt32, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.UInt32, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Int64 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Int64, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Int64, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.UInt64 then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.UInt64, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.UInt64, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Single then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Single, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Single, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Double then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Double, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Double, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.String then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.String, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.String, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Object then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.Object, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.Object, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.IntPtr then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.IntPtr, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.IntPtr, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.UIntPtr then
-                    zeroOfPrimitive PrimitiveType.UIntPtr, concreteTypes
+                    zeroOfPrimitive concreteTypes corelib PrimitiveType.UIntPtr, concreteTypes
                 elif TypeInfo.NominallyEqual typeDef corelib.Array then
                     // Arrays are reference types
                     CliType.ObjectRef None, concreteTypes
@@ -676,6 +771,7 @@ module CliType =
                         Name = field.Name
                         Contents = fieldZero
                         Offset = field.Offset
+                        Type = fieldHandle
                     }
                 )
                 |> CliValueType.OfFields typeDef.Layout
@@ -751,3 +847,23 @@ module CliType =
         | CliType.ObjectRef managedHeapAddressOption -> failwith "todo"
         | CliType.RuntimePointer cliRuntimePointer -> failwith "todo"
         | CliType.ValueType cvt -> CliValueType.DereferenceField field cvt
+
+    /// Returns the offset and size.
+    let getFieldLayout (field : string) (value : CliType) : int * int =
+        match value with
+        | CliType.Numeric cliNumericType -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.Bool b -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.Char (high, low) -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.ObjectRef managedHeapAddressOption -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.RuntimePointer cliRuntimePointer -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.ValueType cvt -> CliValueType.GetFieldLayout field cvt
+
+    /// Returns None if there isn't *exactly* one field that starts there. This rules out some valid programs.
+    let getFieldAt (offset : int) (value : CliType) : CliConcreteField option =
+        match value with
+        | CliType.Numeric cliNumericType -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.Bool b -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.Char (high, low) -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.ObjectRef managedHeapAddressOption -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.RuntimePointer cliRuntimePointer -> failwith "todo"
+        | CliType.ValueType cvt -> CliValueType.FieldsAt offset cvt |> List.tryExactlyOne

WoofWare.PawPrint/BinaryArithmetic.fs

@@ -4,28 +4,133 @@ namespace WoofWare.PawPrint
 
 type IArithmeticOperation =
     abstract Int32Int32 : int32 -> int32 -> int32
+    abstract Int32NativeInt : int32 -> nativeint -> nativeint
+    abstract NativeIntInt32 : nativeint -> int32 -> nativeint
     abstract Int64Int64 : int64 -> int64 -> int64
     abstract FloatFloat : float -> float -> float
     abstract NativeIntNativeInt : nativeint -> nativeint -> nativeint
+    abstract Int32ManagedPtr : IlMachineState -> int32 -> ManagedPointerSource -> Choice<ManagedPointerSource, int>
+    abstract ManagedPtrInt32 : IlMachineState -> ManagedPointerSource -> int32 -> Choice<ManagedPointerSource, int>
+
+    abstract ManagedPtrManagedPtr :
+        IlMachineState -> ManagedPointerSource -> ManagedPointerSource -> Choice<ManagedPointerSource, nativeint>
+
     abstract Name : string
 
 [<RequireQualifiedAccess>]
 module ArithmeticOperation =
+    let private addInt32ManagedPtr state v ptr =
+        match ptr with
+        | LocalVariable (sourceThread, methodFrame, whichVar) -> failwith "refusing to add to a local variable address"
+        | Argument (sourceThread, methodFrame, whichVar) -> failwith "refusing to add to an argument address"
+        | Heap managedHeapAddress -> failwith "refusing to add to a heap address"
+        | ArrayIndex (arr, index) -> failwith "TODO: arrays"
+        | Field (src, fieldName) ->
+            let obj = IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state src
+            let offset, _ = CliType.getFieldLayout fieldName obj
+
+            match CliType.getFieldAt (offset + v) obj with
+            | None -> failwith "TODO: couldn't identify field at offset"
+            | Some field ->
+                ManagedPointerSource.Field (src, CliConcreteField.ToCliField(field).Name)
+                |> Choice1Of2
+        | Null -> Choice2Of2 v
+        | InterpretedAsType (managedPointerSource, concreteType) -> failwith "todo"
+
+    let private mulInt32ManagedPtr (state : IlMachineState) v ptr =
+        if v = 0 then
+            Choice2Of2 0
+        elif v = 1 then
+            Choice1Of2 ptr
+        else
+
+        match ptr with
+        | ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice2Of2 0
+        | _ -> failwith "refusing to multiply pointers"
+
     let add =
         { new IArithmeticOperation with
             member _.Int32Int32 a b = (# "add" a b : int32 #)
             member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "add" a b : int64 #)
             member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "add" a b : float #)
             member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "add" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "add" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "add" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> Choice1Of2 ptr2
+                | _, ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice1Of2 ptr1
+                | _, _ -> failwith "refusing to add two managed pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr state val1 ptr2 = addInt32ManagedPtr state val1 ptr2
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 state ptr1 val2 = addInt32ManagedPtr state val2 ptr1
+
             member _.Name = "add"
         }
 
+    let addOvf =
+        { new IArithmeticOperation with
+            member _.Int32Int32 a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : int32 #)
+            member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : int64 #)
+            member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : float #)
+            member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "add.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> Choice1Of2 ptr2
+                | _, ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice1Of2 ptr1
+                | _, _ -> failwith "refusing to add two managed pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr state val1 ptr2 = addInt32ManagedPtr state val1 ptr2
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 state ptr1 val2 = addInt32ManagedPtr state val2 ptr1
+
+            member _.Name = "add.ovf"
+        }
+
     let sub =
         { new IArithmeticOperation with
             member _.Int32Int32 a b = (# "sub" a b : int32 #)
             member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "sub" a b : int64 #)
             member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "sub" a b : float #)
             member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "sub" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "sub" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "sub" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr state ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ptr1, ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice1Of2 ptr1
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> failwith "refusing to create negative pointer"
+                | ManagedPointerSource.ArrayIndex (arr1, index1), ManagedPointerSource.ArrayIndex (arr2, index2) ->
+                    if arr1 <> arr2 then
+                        failwith "refusing to operate on pointers to different arrays"
+
+                    (index1 - index2) |> nativeint |> Choice2Of2
+                | ManagedPointerSource.ArrayIndex _, _ -> failwith $"refusing to operate on array index ptr vs %O{ptr2}"
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Argument _, _
+                | _, ManagedPointerSource.Argument _ ->
+                    failwith $"refusing to operate on pointers to arguments: %O{ptr1} and %O{ptr2}"
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Field (obj1, fieldName1), ManagedPointerSource.Field (obj2, fieldName2) ->
+                    if obj1 <> obj2 then
+                        failwith "refusing to operate on field pointers in different objects"
+
+                    let obj = IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state obj1
+
+                    let offset1, _ = CliType.getFieldLayout fieldName1 obj
+                    let offset2, _ = CliType.getFieldLayout fieldName2 obj
+
+                    (offset1 - offset2) |> nativeint |> Choice2Of2
+                | _, _ -> failwith "TODO"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr state val1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice2Of2 val1
+                | _ -> failwith "refusing to subtract a pointer"
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 state ptr1 val2 = failwith "TODO: subtract from pointer"
+
             member _.Name = "sub"
         }
 
@@ -35,6 +140,36 @@ module ArithmeticOperation =
             member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "mul" a b : int64 #)
             member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "mul" a b : float #)
             member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "mul" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "mul" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "mul" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> Choice2Of2 (nativeint 0)
+                | _, ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice2Of2 (nativeint 0)
+                | _, _ -> failwith "refusing to multiply two managed pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr state a ptr = mulInt32ManagedPtr state a ptr
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 state ptr a = mulInt32ManagedPtr state a ptr
+
+            member _.Name = "mul"
+        }
+
+    let rem =
+        { new IArithmeticOperation with
+            member _.Int32Int32 a b = (# "rem" a b : int32 #)
+            member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "rem" a b : int64 #)
+            member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "rem" a b : float #)
+            member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "rem" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "rem" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "rem" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 = failwith "refusing to rem pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr _ a ptr = failwith "refusing to rem pointer"
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 _ ptr a = failwith "refusing to rem pointer"
+
             member _.Name = "mul"
         }
 
@@ -44,30 +179,98 @@ module ArithmeticOperation =
             member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "mul.ovf" a b : int64 #)
             member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "mul.ovf" a b : float #)
             member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "mul.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "mul.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "mul.ovf" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> Choice2Of2 (nativeint 0)
+                | _, ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Choice2Of2 (nativeint 0)
+                | _, _ -> failwith "refusing to multiply two managed pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr state a ptr = mulInt32ManagedPtr state a ptr
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 state a ptr = mulInt32ManagedPtr state ptr a
+
             member _.Name = "mul_ovf"
         }
 
+    let div =
+        { new IArithmeticOperation with
+            member _.Int32Int32 a b = (# "div" a b : int32 #)
+            member _.Int64Int64 a b = (# "div" a b : int64 #)
+            member _.FloatFloat a b = (# "div" a b : float #)
+            member _.NativeIntNativeInt a b = (# "div" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.Int32NativeInt a b = (# "div" a b : nativeint #)
+            member _.NativeIntInt32 a b = (# "div" a b : nativeint #)
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrManagedPtr _ ptr1 ptr2 =
+                match ptr1, ptr2 with
+                | ManagedPointerSource.Null, _ -> Choice2Of2 (nativeint 0)
+                | _, _ -> failwith "refusing to divide two managed pointers"
+
+            member _.Int32ManagedPtr _ a ptr =
+                if a = 0 then
+                    Choice2Of2 0
+                else
+                    failwith "refusing to divide pointers"
+
+            member _.ManagedPtrInt32 _ ptr a =
+                if a = 1 then
+                    Choice1Of2 ptr
+                else
+                    failwith "refusing to divide a pointer"
+
+            member _.Name = "div"
+        }
+
 [<RequireQualifiedAccess>]
 module BinaryArithmetic =
-    let execute (op : IArithmeticOperation) (val1 : EvalStackValue) (val2 : EvalStackValue) : EvalStackValue =
+    let execute
+        (op : IArithmeticOperation)
+        (state : IlMachineState)
+        (val1 : EvalStackValue)
+        (val2 : EvalStackValue)
+        : EvalStackValue
+        =
         // see table at https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.reflection.emit.opcodes.add?view=net-9.0
         match val1, val2 with
         | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 -> op.Int32Int32 val1 val2 |> EvalStackValue.Int32
-        | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
-        | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer
+        | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt val2 ->
+            let val2 =
+                match val2 with
+                | NativeIntSource.Verbatim n -> nativeint<int64> n
+                | v -> failwith $"refusing to operate on non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
+
+            op.Int32NativeInt val1 val2
+            |> int64<nativeint>
+            |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim
+            |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+        | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val2 ->
+            match op.Int32ManagedPtr state val1 val2 with
+            | Choice1Of2 v -> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer v
+            | Choice2Of2 i -> EvalStackValue.Int32 i
         | EvalStackValue.Int32 val1, EvalStackValue.ObjectRef val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ObjectRef
         | EvalStackValue.Int64 val1, EvalStackValue.Int64 val2 -> op.Int64Int64 val1 val2 |> EvalStackValue.Int64
-        | EvalStackValue.NativeInt val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+        | EvalStackValue.NativeInt val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 ->
+            let val1 =
+                match val1 with
+                | NativeIntSource.Verbatim n -> nativeint<int64> n
+                | v -> failwith $"refusing to operate on non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
+
+            op.NativeIntInt32 val1 val2
+            |> int64<nativeint>
+            |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim
+            |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
         | EvalStackValue.NativeInt val1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt val2 ->
             let val1 =
                 match val1 with
                 | NativeIntSource.Verbatim n -> nativeint<int64> n
-                | v -> failwith $"refusing to multiply non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
+                | v -> failwith $"refusing to operate on non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
 
             let val2 =
                 match val2 with
                 | NativeIntSource.Verbatim n -> nativeint<int64> n
-                | v -> failwith $"refusing to multiply non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
+                | v -> failwith $"refusing to operate on non-verbatim native int %O{v}"
 
             op.NativeIntNativeInt val1 val2
             |> int64<nativeint>
@@ -80,6 +283,13 @@ module BinaryArithmetic =
         | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt val2 ->
             failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer
         | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef val1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ObjectRef
-        | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer
+        | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 ->
+            match op.ManagedPtrInt32 state val1 val2 with
+            | Choice1Of2 result -> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer result
+            | Choice2Of2 result -> EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim (int64<int32> result))
         | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef val1, EvalStackValue.Int32 val2 -> failwith "" |> EvalStackValue.ObjectRef
+        | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val1, EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer val2 ->
+            match op.ManagedPtrManagedPtr state val1 val2 with
+            | Choice1Of2 result -> EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer result
+            | Choice2Of2 result -> EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim (int64<nativeint> result))
         | val1, val2 -> failwith $"invalid %s{op.Name} operation: {val1} and {val2}"

WoofWare.PawPrint/Corelib.fs

@@ -152,6 +152,66 @@ module Corelib =
             )
             |> Seq.exactlyOne
 
+        let exceptionType =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "Exception" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let arithmeticException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "ArithmeticException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let divideByZeroException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "DivideByZeroException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let overflowException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "OverflowException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let stackOverflowException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "StackOverflowException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let typeLoadException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "TypeLoadException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let indexOutOfRangeException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "IndexOutOfRangeException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let invalidCastException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "InvalidCastException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let missingFieldException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "MissingFieldException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let missingMethodException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "MissingMethodException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let nullReferenceException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "NullReferenceException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
+        let outOfMemoryException =
+            corelib.TypeDefs
+            |> Seq.choose (fun (KeyValue (_, v)) -> if v.Name = "OutOfMemoryException" then Some v else None)
+            |> Seq.exactlyOne
+
         {
             Corelib = corelib
             String = stringType
@@ -182,6 +242,18 @@ module Corelib =
             TypedReference = typedReferenceType
             IntPtr = intPtrType
             UIntPtr = uintPtrType
+            Exception = exceptionType
+            ArithmeticException = arithmeticException
+            DivideByZeroException = divideByZeroException
+            OverflowException = overflowException
+            StackOverflowException = stackOverflowException
+            TypeLoadException = typeLoadException
+            IndexOutOfRangeException = indexOutOfRangeException
+            InvalidCastException = invalidCastException
+            MissingFieldException = missingFieldException
+            MissingMethodException = missingMethodException
+            NullReferenceException = nullReferenceException
+            OutOfMemoryException = outOfMemoryException
         }
 
     let concretizeAll

WoofWare.PawPrint/EvalStack.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 namespace WoofWare.PawPrint
 
+#nowarn "42"
+
 /// See I.12.3.2.1 for definition
 type EvalStackValue =
     | Int32 of int32
@@ -76,7 +78,14 @@ module EvalStackValue =
         match value with
         | EvalStackValue.Int32 i -> Some (int64<int> i)
         | EvalStackValue.Int64 i -> Some i
-        | EvalStackValue.NativeInt nativeIntSource -> failwith "todo"
+        | EvalStackValue.NativeInt src ->
+            match src with
+            | NativeIntSource.Verbatim int64 -> Some int64
+            | NativeIntSource.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null -> Some 0L
+            | NativeIntSource.ManagedPointer _
+            | NativeIntSource.FunctionPointer _
+            | NativeIntSource.TypeHandlePtr _
+            | NativeIntSource.FieldHandlePtr _ -> failwith "refusing to convert pointer to int64"
         | EvalStackValue.Float f -> failwith "todo"
         | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer managedPointerSource -> failwith "todo"
         | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef managedHeapAddress -> failwith "todo"
@@ -93,6 +102,21 @@ module EvalStackValue =
         | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef managedHeapAddress -> failwith "todo"
         | EvalStackValue.UserDefinedValueType evalStackValues -> failwith "todo"
 
+    /// Then truncates to int32.
+    let convToUInt8 (value : EvalStackValue) : int32 option =
+        match value with
+        | EvalStackValue.Int32 (i : int32) ->
+            let v = (# "conv.u1" i : uint8 #)
+            Some (int32<uint8> v)
+        | EvalStackValue.Int64 int64 ->
+            let v = (# "conv.u1" int64 : uint8 #)
+            Some (int32<uint8> v)
+        | EvalStackValue.NativeInt nativeIntSource -> failwith "todo"
+        | EvalStackValue.Float f -> failwith "todo"
+        | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer managedPointerSource -> failwith "todo"
+        | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef managedHeapAddress -> failwith "todo"
+        | EvalStackValue.UserDefinedValueType evalStackValues -> failwith "todo"
+
     let rec ofCliType (v : CliType) : EvalStackValue =
         match v with
         | CliType.Numeric numeric ->
@@ -281,6 +305,7 @@ module EvalStackValue =
                             CliField.Name = field1.Name
                             Contents = contents
                             Offset = field1.Offset
+                            Type = field1.Type
                         }
                     )
                     |> CliValueType.OfFields popped'.Layout

WoofWare.PawPrint/FieldHandleRegistry.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 namespace WoofWare.PawPrint
 
+open System.Collections.Immutable
 open System.Reflection
 open System.Reflection.Metadata
 
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ module FieldHandleRegistry =
     /// Returns a (struct) System.RuntimeFieldHandle, with its contents (reference type) freshly allocated if necessary.
     let getOrAllocate
         (baseClassTypes : BaseClassTypes<'corelib>)
+        (allConcreteTypes : AllConcreteTypes)
         (allocState : 'allocState)
         (allocate : CliValueType -> 'allocState -> ManagedHeapAddress * 'allocState)
         (declaringAssy : AssemblyName)
@@ -57,6 +59,14 @@ module FieldHandleRegistry =
                 Name = "m_ptr"
                 Contents = CliType.ofManagedObject runtimeFieldInfoStub
                 Offset = None
+                Type =
+                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                        allConcreteTypes
+                        (baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldInfoStub.Assembly,
+                         baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldInfoStub.Namespace,
+                         baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldInfoStub.Name,
+                         ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                    |> Option.get
             }
             |> List.singleton
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -90,6 +100,14 @@ module FieldHandleRegistry =
                 Name = "m_handle"
                 Contents = CliType.RuntimePointer (CliRuntimePointer.FieldRegistryHandle newHandle)
                 Offset = None // no struct layout was specified
+                Type =
+                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                        allConcreteTypes
+                        (baseClassTypes.IntPtr.Assembly,
+                         baseClassTypes.IntPtr.Namespace,
+                         baseClassTypes.IntPtr.Name,
+                         ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                    |> Option.get
             }
             |> List.singleton
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -97,6 +115,24 @@ module FieldHandleRegistry =
 
         // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/1d1bf92fcf43aa6981804dc53c5174445069c9e4/src/coreclr/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/RuntimeHandles.cs#L1074
         let runtimeFieldInfoStub =
+            let objType =
+                AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                    allConcreteTypes
+                    (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                     baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                     baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                     ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                |> Option.get
+
+            let intType =
+                AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                    allConcreteTypes
+                    (baseClassTypes.Int32.Assembly,
+                     baseClassTypes.Int32.Namespace,
+                     baseClassTypes.Int32.Name,
+                     ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                |> Option.get
+
             // LayoutKind.Sequential
             [
                 // If we ever implement a GC, something should change here
@@ -104,32 +140,45 @@ module FieldHandleRegistry =
                     Name = "m_keepalive"
                     Contents = CliType.ObjectRef None
                     Offset = None
+                    Type = objType
                 }
                 {
                     Name = "m_c"
                     Contents = CliType.ObjectRef None
                     Offset = None
+                    Type = objType
                 }
                 {
                     Name = "m_d"
                     Contents = CliType.ObjectRef None
                     Offset = None
+                    Type = objType
                 }
                 {
                     Name = "m_b"
                     Contents = CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.Int32 0)
                     Offset = None
+                    Type = intType
                 }
                 {
                     Name = "m_e"
                     Contents = CliType.ObjectRef None
                     Offset = None
+                    Type = objType
                 }
                 // RuntimeFieldHandleInternal: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/1d1bf92fcf43aa6981804dc53c5174445069c9e4/src/coreclr/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/RuntimeHandles.cs#L1048
                 {
                     Name = "m_fieldHandle"
                     Contents = runtimeFieldHandleInternal
                     Offset = None
+                    Type =
+                        AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                            allConcreteTypes
+                            (baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldHandleInternal.Assembly,
+                             baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldHandleInternal.Namespace,
+                             baseClassTypes.RuntimeFieldHandleInternal.Name,
+                             ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                        |> Option.get
                 }
             ]
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default // explicitly sequential but no custom packing size

WoofWare.PawPrint/IlMachineState.fs

@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ module IlMachineState =
         (typeGenerics : ConcreteTypeHandle ImmutableArray)
         (methodGenerics : ConcreteTypeHandle ImmutableArray)
         (state : IlMachineState)
-        : IlMachineState * CliType
+        : IlMachineState * CliType * ConcreteTypeHandle
         =
 
         // First concretize the type
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ module IlMachineState =
 
         // Now get the zero value
         let zero, state = cliTypeZeroOfHandle state baseClassTypes handle
-        state, zero
+        state, zero, handle
 
     let pushToEvalStack' (o : EvalStackValue) (thread : ThreadId) (state : IlMachineState) =
         let activeThreadState = state.ThreadState.[thread]
@@ -1466,7 +1466,12 @@ module IlMachineState =
         | ManagedPointerSource.Null -> failwith "TODO: throw NRE"
         | ManagedPointerSource.InterpretedAsType (src, ty) -> failwith "TODO"
 
-    let executeDelegateConstructor (instruction : MethodState) (state : IlMachineState) : IlMachineState =
+    let executeDelegateConstructor
+        (baseClassTypes : BaseClassTypes<DumpedAssembly>)
+        (instruction : MethodState)
+        (state : IlMachineState)
+        : IlMachineState
+        =
         // We've been called with arguments already popped from the stack into local arguments.
         let constructing = instruction.Arguments.[0]
         let targetObj = instruction.Arguments.[1]
@@ -1495,6 +1500,8 @@ module IlMachineState =
 
         // Standard delegate fields in .NET are _target and _methodPtr
         // Update the fields with the target object and method pointer
+        let allConcreteTypes = state.ConcreteTypes
+
         let updatedObj =
             let newContents =
                 heapObj.Contents
@@ -1503,12 +1510,28 @@ module IlMachineState =
                         Name = "_target"
                         Contents = CliType.ObjectRef targetObj
                         Offset = None
+                        Type =
+                            AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                allConcreteTypes
+                                (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                                 ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                            |> Option.get
                     }
                 |> CliValueType.AddField
                     {
                         Name = "_methodPtr"
                         Contents = methodPtr
                         Offset = None
+                        Type =
+                            AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                allConcreteTypes
+                                (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                                 ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                            |> Option.get
                     }
 
             { heapObj with
@@ -1548,6 +1571,8 @@ module IlMachineState =
 
         let result, reg, state =
             TypeHandleRegistry.getOrAllocate
+                state.ConcreteTypes
+                baseClassTypes
                 state
                 (fun fields state -> allocateManagedObject runtimeType fields state)
                 defn
@@ -1599,6 +1624,7 @@ module IlMachineState =
         let result, reg, state =
             FieldHandleRegistry.getOrAllocate
                 baseClassTypes
+                state.ConcreteTypes
                 state
                 (fun fields state -> allocateManagedObject runtimeType fields state)
                 declaringAssy
@@ -1644,7 +1670,10 @@ module IlMachineState =
             state.ThreadState.[sourceThread].MethodStates.[methodFrame].LocalVariables.[int<uint16> whichVar]
         | ManagedPointerSource.Argument (sourceThread, methodFrame, whichVar) ->
             state.ThreadState.[sourceThread].MethodStates.[methodFrame].Arguments.[int<uint16> whichVar]
-        | ManagedPointerSource.Heap addr -> failwith "todo"
+        | ManagedPointerSource.Heap addr ->
+            let result = ManagedHeap.get addr state.ManagedHeap
+            // TODO: this is awfully dubious, this ain't no value type
+            CliType.ValueType result.Contents
         | ManagedPointerSource.ArrayIndex (arr, index) -> getArrayValue arr index state
         | ManagedPointerSource.Field (addr, name) ->
             let obj = dereferencePointer state addr
@@ -1664,9 +1693,7 @@ module IlMachineState =
                 | Some ty -> ty
                 | None -> failwith "not concretised type"
 
-            match concrete with
-            | ConcreteUInt32 state.ConcreteTypes -> failwith "TODO: cast"
-            | _ -> failwith "TODO"
+            failwith $"TODO: interpret as type %s{ty.Assembly.Name}.%s{ty.Namespace}.%s{ty.Name}, object %O{src}"
 
     let lookupTypeDefn
         (baseClassTypes : BaseClassTypes<DumpedAssembly>)

WoofWare.PawPrint/Intrinsics.fs

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ module Intrinsics =
             "System.Private.CoreLib", "Math", "Max"
             // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/d258af50034c192bf7f0a18856bf83d2903d98ae/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/Buffer.cs#L150
             "System.Private.CoreLib", "Buffer", "Memmove"
+            // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/1c3221b63340d7f81dfd829f3bcd822e582324f6/src/libraries/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/Threading/Thread.cs#L799
+            "System.Private.CoreLib", "Thread", "get_CurrentThread"
         ]
         |> Set.ofList
 
@@ -174,6 +176,14 @@ module Intrinsics =
                         Name = "m_type"
                         Contents = CliType.ObjectRef arg
                         Offset = None
+                        Type =
+                            AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                state.ConcreteTypes
+                                (baseClassTypes.RuntimeType.Assembly,
+                                 baseClassTypes.RuntimeType.Namespace,
+                                 baseClassTypes.RuntimeType.Name,
+                                 ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                            |> Option.get
                     }
                     |> List.singleton
                     |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -182,6 +192,44 @@ module Intrinsics =
                 |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
 
             Some state
+        | "System.Private.CoreLib", "Type", "get_IsValueType" ->
+            match methodToCall.Signature.ParameterTypes, methodToCall.Signature.ReturnType with
+            | [], ConcreteBool state.ConcreteTypes -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "bad signature Type.get_IsValueType"
+
+            let this, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let this =
+                match this with
+                | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef ptr ->
+                    IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state (ManagedPointerSource.Heap ptr)
+                | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer ptr -> IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state ptr
+                | EvalStackValue.Float _
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 _
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 _ -> failwith "refusing to dereference literal"
+                | _ -> failwith "TODO"
+            // `this` should be of type Type
+            let ty =
+                match this with
+                | CliType.ValueType cvt ->
+                    match CliValueType.DereferenceField "m_handle" cvt with
+                    | CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.TypeHandlePtr cth)) -> cth
+                    | _ -> failwith ""
+                | _ -> failwith "expected a Type"
+
+            let ty = AllConcreteTypes.lookup ty state.ConcreteTypes |> Option.get
+            let ty = state.LoadedAssembly(ty.Assembly).Value.TypeDefs.[ty.Definition.Get]
+
+            let isValueType =
+                match DumpedAssembly.resolveBaseType baseClassTypes state._LoadedAssemblies ty.Assembly ty.BaseType with
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Enum
+                | ResolvedBaseType.ValueType -> true
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Object
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Delegate -> false
+
+            IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack (CliType.ofBool isValueType) currentThread state
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Some
         | "System.Private.CoreLib", "Unsafe", "AsPointer" ->
             // Method signature: 1 generic parameter, we take a Byref of that parameter, and return a TypeDefn.Pointer(Void)
             let arg, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
@@ -225,6 +273,47 @@ module Intrinsics =
             let result =
                 BitConverter.Int32BitsToSingle arg |> CliNumericType.Float32 |> CliType.Numeric
 
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack result currentThread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Some
+        | "System.Private.CoreLib", "BitConverter", "DoubleToUInt64Bits" ->
+            match methodToCall.Signature.ParameterTypes, methodToCall.Signature.ReturnType with
+            | [ ConcreteDouble state.ConcreteTypes ], ConcreteUInt64 state.ConcreteTypes -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "bad signature BitConverter.DoubleToUInt64Bits"
+
+            let arg, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let arg =
+                match arg with
+                | EvalStackValue.Float i -> i
+                | _ -> failwith "$TODO: {arr}"
+
+            let result =
+                BitConverter.DoubleToUInt64Bits arg
+                |> int64<uint64>
+                |> CliNumericType.Int64
+                |> CliType.Numeric
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack result currentThread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Some
+        | "System.Private.CoreLib", "BitConverter", "UInt64BitsToDouble" ->
+            match methodToCall.Signature.ParameterTypes, methodToCall.Signature.ReturnType with
+            | [ ConcreteUInt64 state.ConcreteTypes ], ConcreteDouble state.ConcreteTypes -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "bad signature BitConverter.DoubleToUInt64Bits"
+
+            let arg, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let arg =
+                match arg with
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 i -> uint64 i
+                | _ -> failwith "$TODO: {arr}"
+
+            let result =
+                BitConverter.UInt64BitsToDouble arg |> CliNumericType.Float64 |> CliType.Numeric
+
             state
             |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack result currentThread
             |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
@@ -311,7 +400,8 @@ module Intrinsics =
                 let arg1 =
                     match arg1 with
                     | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef h
-                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer (ManagedPointerSource.Heap h) -> h
+                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer (ManagedPointerSource.Heap h) -> Some h
+                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null -> None
                     | EvalStackValue.Int32 _
                     | EvalStackValue.Int64 _
                     | EvalStackValue.Float _ -> failwith $"this isn't a string! {arg1}"
@@ -322,32 +412,38 @@ module Intrinsics =
                 let arg2 =
                     match arg2 with
                     | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef h
-                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer (ManagedPointerSource.Heap h) -> h
+                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer (ManagedPointerSource.Heap h) -> Some h
+                    | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null -> None
                     | EvalStackValue.Int32 _
                     | EvalStackValue.Int64 _
                     | EvalStackValue.Float _ -> failwith $"this isn't a string! {arg2}"
                     | _ -> failwith $"TODO: %O{arg2}"
 
-                if arg1 = arg2 then
-                    state
-                    |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack (CliType.ofBool true) currentThread
-                    |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
-                    |> Some
-                else
+                let areEqual =
+                    match arg1, arg2 with
+                    | None, None -> true
+                    | Some _, None
+                    | None, Some _ -> false
+                    | Some arg1, Some arg2 ->
+                        if arg1 = arg2 then
+                            true
+                        else
 
-                let arg1 = ManagedHeap.get arg1 state.ManagedHeap
-                let arg2 = ManagedHeap.get arg2 state.ManagedHeap
+                        let arg1 = ManagedHeap.get arg1 state.ManagedHeap
+                        let arg2 = ManagedHeap.get arg2 state.ManagedHeap
 
-                if
-                    AllocatedNonArrayObject.DereferenceField "_firstChar" arg1
-                    <> AllocatedNonArrayObject.DereferenceField "_firstChar" arg2
-                then
-                    state
-                    |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack (CliType.ofBool false) currentThread
-                    |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
-                    |> Some
-                else
-                    failwith "TODO"
+                        if
+                            AllocatedNonArrayObject.DereferenceField "_firstChar" arg1
+                            <> AllocatedNonArrayObject.DereferenceField "_firstChar" arg2
+                        then
+                            false
+                        else
+                            failwith "TODO"
+
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack (CliType.ofBool areEqual) currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+                |> Some
             | _ -> None
         | "System.Private.CoreLib", "Unsafe", "ReadUnaligned" ->
             let ptr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state

WoofWare.PawPrint/NullaryIlOp.fs

@@ -86,43 +86,28 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             | ManagedPointerSource.Argument (sourceThread, methodFrame, whichVar) ->
                 failwith "unexpected - can we really write to an argument?"
             | ManagedPointerSource.LocalVariable (sourceThread, methodFrame, whichVar) ->
-                { state with
-                    ThreadState =
-                        state.ThreadState
-                        |> Map.change
-                            sourceThread
-                            (fun state ->
-                                match state with
-                                | None -> failwith "tried to store in local variables of nonexistent stack frame"
-                                | Some state ->
-                                    let frame = state.MethodStates.[methodFrame]
-
-                                    let frame =
-                                        { frame with
-                                            LocalVariables =
-                                                frame.LocalVariables.SetItem (
-                                                    int<uint16> whichVar,
-                                                    EvalStackValue.toCliTypeCoerced varType valueToStore
-                                                )
-                                        }
-
-                                    { state with
-                                        MethodStates = state.MethodStates.SetItem (methodFrame, frame)
-                                    }
-                                    |> Some
-                            )
-                }
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.setLocalVariable
+                    sourceThread
+                    methodFrame
+                    whichVar
+                    (EvalStackValue.toCliTypeCoerced varType valueToStore)
             | ManagedPointerSource.Heap managedHeapAddress -> failwith "todo"
             | ManagedPointerSource.ArrayIndex _ -> failwith "todo"
-            | ManagedPointerSource.Field (managedPointerSource, fieldName) -> failwith "todo"
+            | ManagedPointerSource.Field (managedPointerSource, fieldName) ->
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.setFieldValue
+                    managedPointerSource
+                    (EvalStackValue.toCliTypeCoerced varType valueToStore)
+                    fieldName
         | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef managedHeapAddress -> failwith "todo"
 
-    let internal ldElem
+    let internal getArrayElt
         (index : EvalStackValue)
         (arr : EvalStackValue)
         (currentThread : ThreadId)
         (state : IlMachineState)
-        : ExecutionResult
+        : CliType
         =
         let index =
             match index with
@@ -143,14 +128,7 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer ManagedPointerSource.Null -> failwith "TODO: throw NRE"
             | _ -> failwith $"Invalid array: %O{arr}"
 
-        let value = IlMachineState.getArrayValue arrAddr index state
-
-        let state =
-            state
-            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
-            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
-
-        ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
+        IlMachineState.getArrayValue arrAddr index state
 
     let internal stElem
         (targetCliTypeZero : CliType)
@@ -433,7 +411,7 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
         | Sub ->
             let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
-            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.sub val1 val2
+            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.sub state val1 val2
 
             state
             |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
@@ -443,21 +421,39 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
         | Sub_ovf -> failwith "TODO: Sub_ovf unimplemented"
         | Sub_ovf_un -> failwith "TODO: Sub_ovf_un unimplemented"
         | Add ->
-            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
-            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.add val1 val2
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.add state val1 val2
 
             state
             |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
             |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
             |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
             |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
-        | Add_ovf -> failwith "TODO: Add_ovf unimplemented"
+        | Add_ovf ->
+            let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let result =
+                try
+                    BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.addOvf state val1 val2 |> Ok
+                with :? OverflowException as e ->
+                    Error e
+
+            let state =
+                match result with
+                | Ok result -> state |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+                | Error excToThrow -> failwith "TODO: throw OverflowException"
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
+            |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Add_ovf_un -> failwith "TODO: Add_ovf_un unimplemented"
         | Mul ->
-            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
-            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.mul val1 val2
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.mul state val1 val2
 
             state
             |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
@@ -465,12 +461,12 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
             |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Mul_ovf ->
-            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
 
             let result =
                 try
-                    BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.mulOvf val1 val2 |> Ok
+                    BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.mulOvf state val1 val2 |> Ok
                 with :? OverflowException as e ->
                     Error e
 
@@ -484,7 +480,25 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
             |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Mul_ovf_un -> failwith "TODO: Mul_ovf_un unimplemented"
-        | Div -> failwith "TODO: Div unimplemented"
+        | Div ->
+            let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let result =
+                try
+                    BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.div state val1 val2 |> Ok
+                with :? OverflowException as e ->
+                    Error e
+
+            let state =
+                match result with
+                | Ok result -> state |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+                | Error excToThrow -> failwith "TODO: throw OverflowException"
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
+            |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Div_un -> failwith "TODO: Div_un unimplemented"
         | Shr ->
             let shift, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
@@ -511,7 +525,33 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
                 |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
 
             (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
-        | Shr_un -> failwith "TODO: Shr_un unimplemented"
+        | Shr_un ->
+            let shift, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let number, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let shift =
+                match shift with
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 i -> i
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim i) -> int<int64> i
+                | _ -> failwith $"Not allowed shift of {shift}"
+
+            let result =
+                // See table III.6
+                match number with
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 i -> uint32<int> i >>> shift |> int32<uint32> |> EvalStackValue.Int32
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 i -> uint64<int64> i >>> shift |> int64<uint64> |> EvalStackValue.Int64
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim i) ->
+                    (uint64<int64> i >>> shift |> int64<uint64>)
+                    |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim
+                    |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+                | _ -> failwith $"Not allowed to shift {number}"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Shl ->
             let shift, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let number, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
@@ -599,7 +639,37 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
                 |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
 
             (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
-        | Xor -> failwith "TODO: Xor unimplemented"
+        | Xor ->
+            let v2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let v1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let result =
+                match v1, v2 with
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 v1, EvalStackValue.Int32 v2 -> v1 ^^^ v2 |> EvalStackValue.Int32
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 v1, EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim v2) ->
+                    int64<int32> v1 ^^^ v2 |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 _, EvalStackValue.NativeInt _ ->
+                    failwith $"can't do binary operation on non-verbatim native int {v2}"
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 v1, EvalStackValue.Int64 v2 -> v1 ^^^ v2 |> EvalStackValue.Int64
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim v1), EvalStackValue.Int32 v2 ->
+                    v1 ^^^ int64<int32> v2 |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt _, EvalStackValue.Int32 _ ->
+                    failwith $"can't do binary operation on non-verbatim native int {v1}"
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim v1),
+                  EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim v2) ->
+                    v1 ^^^ v2 |> NativeIntSource.Verbatim |> EvalStackValue.NativeInt
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim _), EvalStackValue.NativeInt _ ->
+                    failwith $"can't do binary operation on non-verbatim native int {v2}"
+                | EvalStackValue.NativeInt _, EvalStackValue.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim _) ->
+                    failwith $"can't do binary operation on non-verbatim native int {v1}"
+                | _, _ -> failwith $"refusing to do binary operation on {v1} and {v2}"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Conv_I ->
             let popped, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let converted = EvalStackValue.toNativeInt popped
@@ -670,7 +740,20 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             let state = state |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
 
             (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
-        | Conv_U1 -> failwith "TODO: Conv_U1 unimplemented"
+        | Conv_U1 ->
+            let popped, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let converted = EvalStackValue.convToUInt8 popped
+
+            let state =
+                match converted with
+                | None -> failwith "TODO: Conv_U8 conversion failure unimplemented"
+                | Some conv ->
+                    state
+                    |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' (EvalStackValue.Int32 conv) currentThread
+
+            let state = state |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Conv_U2 -> failwith "TODO: Conv_U2 unimplemented"
         | Conv_U4 -> failwith "TODO: Conv_U4 unimplemented"
         | Conv_U8 ->
@@ -878,7 +961,16 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
         | Ldind_u8 -> failwith "TODO: Ldind_u8 unimplemented"
         | Ldind_r4 -> executeLdind LdindTargetType.LdindR4 currentThread state
         | Ldind_r8 -> executeLdind LdindTargetType.LdindR8 currentThread state
-        | Rem -> failwith "TODO: Rem unimplemented"
+        | Rem ->
+            let val2, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let result = BinaryArithmetic.execute ArithmeticOperation.rem state val1 val2
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
+            |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Rem_un -> failwith "TODO: Rem_un unimplemented"
         | Volatile -> failwith "TODO: Volatile unimplemented"
         | Tail -> failwith "TODO: Tail unimplemented"
@@ -895,7 +987,22 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
         | Conv_ovf_i -> failwith "TODO: Conv_ovf_i unimplemented"
         | Conv_ovf_u -> failwith "TODO: Conv_ovf_u unimplemented"
         | Neg -> failwith "TODO: Neg unimplemented"
-        | Not -> failwith "TODO: Not unimplemented"
+        | Not ->
+            let val1, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let result =
+                match val1 with
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 i -> ~~~i |> EvalStackValue.Int32
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 i -> ~~~i |> EvalStackValue.Int64
+                | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer _
+                | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef _ -> failwith "refusing to negate a pointer"
+                | _ -> failwith "TODO"
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' result currentThread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
+            |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
         | Ldind_ref ->
             let addr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
 
@@ -906,6 +1013,7 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
 
             let state =
                 match referenced with
+                | CliType.RuntimePointer (CliRuntimePointer.Managed _)
                 | CliType.ObjectRef _ -> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack referenced currentThread state
                 | _ -> failwith $"Unexpected non-reference {referenced}"
                 |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
@@ -936,14 +1044,85 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             let state = state |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
 
             (state, WhatWeDid.Executed) |> ExecutionResult.Stepped
-        | Ldelem_i -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_i unimplemented"
-        | Ldelem_i1 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_i1 unimplemented"
+        | Ldelem_i ->
+            let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            match value with
+            | CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.NativeInt _) -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "expected native int in Ldelem.i"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
+        | Ldelem_i1 ->
+            let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            failwith "TODO: we got back an int8; turn it into int32"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
         | Ldelem_u1 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_u1 unimplemented"
-        | Ldelem_i2 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_i2 unimplemented"
+        | Ldelem_i2 ->
+            let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            failwith "TODO: we got back an int16; turn it into int32"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
         | Ldelem_u2 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_u2 unimplemented"
-        | Ldelem_i4 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_i4 unimplemented"
+        | Ldelem_i4 ->
+            let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            match value with
+            | CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.Int32 _) -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "expected int32 in Ldelem.i4"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
         | Ldelem_u4 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_u4 unimplemented"
-        | Ldelem_i8 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_i8 unimplemented"
+        | Ldelem_i8 ->
+            let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+            let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
+
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            match value with
+            | CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.Int64 _) -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "expected int64 in Ldelem.i8"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
         | Ldelem_u8 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_u8 unimplemented"
         | Ldelem_r4 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_r4 unimplemented"
         | Ldelem_r8 -> failwith "TODO: Ldelem_r8 unimplemented"
@@ -951,7 +1130,19 @@ module NullaryIlOp =
             let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
 
-            ldElem index arr currentThread state
+            let value = getArrayElt index arr currentThread state
+
+            match value with
+            | CliType.ObjectRef _
+            | CliType.RuntimePointer _ -> ()
+            | _ -> failwith "expected object reference in Ldelem.ref"
+
+            let state =
+                state
+                |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack value currentThread
+                |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter currentThread
+
+            ExecutionResult.Stepped (state, WhatWeDid.Executed)
         | Stelem_i ->
             let value, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state
             let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack currentThread state

WoofWare.PawPrint/TypeHandleRegistry.fs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 namespace WoofWare.PawPrint
 
+open System.Collections.Immutable
+
 type TypeHandleRegistry =
     private
         {
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@ module TypeHandleRegistry =
 
     /// Returns an allocated System.RuntimeType as well.
     let getOrAllocate
+        (allConcreteTypes : AllConcreteTypes)
+        (corelib : BaseClassTypes<DumpedAssembly>)
         (allocState : 'allocState)
         (allocate : CliValueType -> 'allocState -> ManagedHeapAddress * 'allocState)
         (def : ConcreteTypeHandle)
@@ -38,17 +42,40 @@ module TypeHandleRegistry =
                     Name = "m_keepalive"
                     Contents = CliType.ObjectRef None
                     Offset = None
+                    Type =
+                        AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                            allConcreteTypes
+                            (corelib.Object.Assembly,
+                             corelib.Object.Namespace,
+                             corelib.Object.Name,
+                             ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                        |> Option.get
                 }
-                // TODO: this is actually a System.IntPtr https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/ec11903827fc28847d775ba17e0cd1ff56cfbc2e/src/coreclr/nativeaot/Runtime.Base/src/System/Primitives.cs#L339
                 {
                     Name = "m_cache"
                     Contents = CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.Verbatim 0L))
                     Offset = None
+                    Type =
+                        AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                            allConcreteTypes
+                            (corelib.IntPtr.Assembly,
+                             corelib.IntPtr.Namespace,
+                             corelib.IntPtr.Name,
+                             ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                        |> Option.get
                 }
                 {
                     Name = "m_handle"
                     Contents = CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.NativeInt (NativeIntSource.TypeHandlePtr def))
                     Offset = None
+                    Type =
+                        AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                            allConcreteTypes
+                            (corelib.IntPtr.Assembly,
+                             corelib.IntPtr.Namespace,
+                             corelib.IntPtr.Name,
+                             ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                        |> Option.get
                 }
                 // This is the const -1, apparently?!
                 // https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/f0168ee80ba9aca18a7e7140b2bb436defda623c/src/coreclr/System.Private.CoreLib/src/System/RuntimeType.CoreCLR.cs#L2496
@@ -56,6 +83,11 @@ module TypeHandleRegistry =
                     Name = "GenericParameterCountAny"
                     Contents = CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.Int32 -1)
                     Offset = None
+                    Type =
+                        AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                            allConcreteTypes
+                            (corelib.Int32.Assembly, corelib.Int32.Namespace, corelib.Int32.Name, ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                        |> Option.get
                 }
             ]
             |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default

WoofWare.PawPrint/UnaryMetadataIlOp.fs

@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                 ((state, []), instanceFields)
                 ||> List.fold (fun (state, zeros) field ->
                     // TODO: generics
-                    let state, zero =
+                    let state, zero, concreteType =
                         IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                             loggerFactory
                             baseClassTypes
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                             Name = field.Name
                             Contents = zero
                             Offset = field.Offset
+                            Type = concreteType
                         }
 
                     state, field :: zeros
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                         ref
                 | x -> failwith $"TODO: Newarr element type resolution unimplemented for {x}"
 
-            let state, zeroOfType =
+            let state, zeroOfType, concreteTypeHandle =
                 IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                     loggerFactory
                     baseClassTypes
@@ -415,7 +416,55 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                 |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter thread
 
             state, WhatWeDid.Executed
-        | Box -> failwith "TODO: Box unimplemented"
+        | Box ->
+            let state, ty, assy =
+                match metadataToken with
+                | MetadataToken.TypeDefinition h ->
+                    let state, ty = IlMachineState.lookupTypeDefn baseClassTypes state activeAssy h
+                    state, ty, activeAssy
+                | MetadataToken.TypeReference ref ->
+                    IlMachineState.lookupTypeRef
+                        loggerFactory
+                        baseClassTypes
+                        state
+                        activeAssy
+                        currentMethod.DeclaringType.Generics
+                        ref
+                | MetadataToken.TypeSpecification spec -> state, activeAssy.TypeSpecs.[spec].Signature, activeAssy
+                | _ -> failwith $"unexpected token {metadataToken} in Box"
+
+            let state, typeHandle =
+                IlMachineState.concretizeType
+                    loggerFactory
+                    baseClassTypes
+                    state
+                    assy.Name
+                    currentMethod.DeclaringType.Generics
+                    currentMethod.Generics
+                    ty
+
+            let toBox, state = state |> IlMachineState.popEvalStack thread
+
+            let targetType =
+                AllConcreteTypes.lookup typeHandle state.ConcreteTypes |> Option.get
+
+            let defn =
+                state._LoadedAssemblies.[targetType.Assembly.FullName].TypeDefs.[targetType.Definition.Get]
+
+            let baseType =
+                DumpedAssembly.resolveBaseType baseClassTypes state._LoadedAssemblies targetType.Assembly defn.BaseType
+
+            let toPush =
+                match baseType with
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Enum
+                | ResolvedBaseType.ValueType -> failwith "TODO: implement Box"
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Object
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Delegate -> toBox
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack' toPush thread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter thread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
         | Ldelema ->
             let index, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack thread state
             let arr, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack thread state
@@ -553,7 +602,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
             let state, declaringTypeHandle, typeGenerics =
                 IlMachineState.concretizeFieldForExecution loggerFactory baseClassTypes thread field state
 
-            let state, zero =
+            let state, zero, concreteTypeHandle =
                 IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                     loggerFactory
                     baseClassTypes
@@ -669,7 +718,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
 
             let popped, state = IlMachineState.popEvalStack thread state
 
-            let state, zero =
+            let state, zero, concreteTypeHandle =
                 IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                     loggerFactory
                     baseClassTypes
@@ -736,7 +785,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                     match IlMachineState.getStatic declaringTypeHandle field.Name state with
                     | Some v -> state, v
                     | None ->
-                        let state, zero =
+                        let state, zero, concreteTypeHandle =
                             IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                                 loggerFactory
                                 baseClassTypes
@@ -901,7 +950,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
             let fieldValue, state =
                 match IlMachineState.getStatic declaringTypeHandle field.Name state with
                 | None ->
-                    let state, newVal =
+                    let state, newVal, concreteTypeHandle =
                         IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                             loggerFactory
                             baseClassTypes
@@ -979,7 +1028,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
             let elementType =
                 DumpedAssembly.typeInfoToTypeDefn baseClassTypes state._LoadedAssemblies elementType
 
-            let state, zeroOfType =
+            let state, zeroOfType, concreteTypeHandle =
                 IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                     loggerFactory
                     baseClassTypes
@@ -1076,7 +1125,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                 targetType
                 |> DumpedAssembly.typeInfoToTypeDefn baseClassTypes state._LoadedAssemblies
 
-            let state, zeroOfType =
+            let state, zeroOfType, concreteTypeHandle =
                 IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                     loggerFactory
                     baseClassTypes
@@ -1144,7 +1193,7 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                 |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
             | None ->
                 // Field is not yet initialised
-                let state, zero =
+                let state, zero, concreteTypeHandle =
                     IlMachineState.cliTypeZeroOf
                         loggerFactory
                         baseClassTypes
@@ -1239,6 +1288,14 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                         Name = "m_type"
                         Contents = CliType.ObjectRef (Some alloc)
                         Offset = None
+                        Type =
+                            AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                state.ConcreteTypes
+                                (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                                 baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                                 ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                            |> Option.get
                     }
                     |> List.singleton
                     |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -1298,6 +1355,14 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                             Name = "m_type"
                             Contents = CliType.ObjectRef (Some alloc)
                             Offset = None
+                            Type =
+                                AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                    state.ConcreteTypes
+                                    (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                                     baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                                     baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                                     ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                                |> Option.get
                         }
                         |> List.singleton
                         |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -1335,6 +1400,14 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
                             Name = "m_type"
                             Contents = CliType.ObjectRef (Some alloc)
                             Offset = None
+                            Type =
+                                AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                    state.ConcreteTypes
+                                    (baseClassTypes.Object.Assembly,
+                                     baseClassTypes.Object.Namespace,
+                                     baseClassTypes.Object.Name,
+                                     ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                                |> Option.get
                         }
                         |> List.singleton
                         |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default
@@ -1351,7 +1424,70 @@ module internal UnaryMetadataIlOp =
             |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter thread
             |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
         | Cpobj -> failwith "TODO: Cpobj unimplemented"
-        | Ldobj -> failwith "TODO: Ldobj unimplemented"
+        | Ldobj ->
+            let state, ty, assy =
+                match metadataToken with
+                | MetadataToken.TypeDefinition h ->
+                    let state, ty = IlMachineState.lookupTypeDefn baseClassTypes state activeAssy h
+                    state, ty, activeAssy
+                | MetadataToken.TypeReference ref ->
+                    IlMachineState.lookupTypeRef
+                        loggerFactory
+                        baseClassTypes
+                        state
+                        activeAssy
+                        currentMethod.DeclaringType.Generics
+                        ref
+                | MetadataToken.TypeSpecification spec -> state, activeAssy.TypeSpecs.[spec].Signature, activeAssy
+                | _ -> failwith $"unexpected token {metadataToken} in Ldobj"
+
+            let state, typeHandle =
+                IlMachineState.concretizeType
+                    loggerFactory
+                    baseClassTypes
+                    state
+                    assy.Name
+                    currentMethod.DeclaringType.Generics
+                    currentMethod.Generics
+                    ty
+
+            let addr, state = state |> IlMachineState.popEvalStack thread
+
+            let obj =
+                match addr with
+                | EvalStackValue.ObjectRef addr ->
+                    IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state (ManagedPointerSource.Heap addr)
+                | EvalStackValue.ManagedPointer ptr -> IlMachineState.dereferencePointer state ptr
+                | EvalStackValue.Float _
+                | EvalStackValue.Int64 _
+                | EvalStackValue.Int32 _ -> failwith "refusing to interpret constant as address"
+                | _ -> failwith "TODO"
+
+            let targetType =
+                AllConcreteTypes.lookup typeHandle state.ConcreteTypes |> Option.get
+
+            let defn =
+                state._LoadedAssemblies.[targetType.Assembly.FullName].TypeDefs.[targetType.Definition.Get]
+
+            let baseType =
+                DumpedAssembly.resolveBaseType baseClassTypes state._LoadedAssemblies targetType.Assembly defn.BaseType
+
+            let toPush =
+                match baseType with
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Enum
+                | ResolvedBaseType.ValueType ->
+                    failwith
+                        $"TODO: push %O{obj} as type %s{targetType.Assembly.Name}.%s{targetType.Namespace}.%s{targetType.Name}"
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Object
+                | ResolvedBaseType.Delegate ->
+                    // III.4.13: reference types are just copied as pointers.
+                    // We should have received a pointer, so let's just pass it back.
+                    obj
+
+            state
+            |> IlMachineState.pushToEvalStack toPush thread
+            |> IlMachineState.advanceProgramCounter thread
+            |> Tuple.withRight WhatWeDid.Executed
         | Sizeof ->
             let state, ty, assy =
                 match metadataToken with

WoofWare.PawPrint/UnaryStringTokenIlOp.fs

@@ -56,11 +56,27 @@ module internal UnaryStringTokenIlOp =
                                 Name = "_firstChar"
                                 Contents = CliType.ofChar state.ManagedHeap.StringArrayData.[dataAddr]
                                 Offset = None
+                                Type =
+                                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                        state.ConcreteTypes
+                                        (baseClassTypes.Char.Assembly,
+                                         baseClassTypes.Char.Namespace,
+                                         baseClassTypes.Char.Name,
+                                         ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                                    |> Option.get
                             }
                             {
                                 Name = "_stringLength"
                                 Contents = CliType.Numeric (CliNumericType.Int32 stringToAllocate.Length)
                                 Offset = None
+                                Type =
+                                    AllConcreteTypes.findExistingConcreteType
+                                        state.ConcreteTypes
+                                        (baseClassTypes.Int32.Assembly,
+                                         baseClassTypes.Int32.Namespace,
+                                         baseClassTypes.Int32.Name,
+                                         ImmutableArray.Empty)
+                                    |> Option.get
                             }
                         ]
                         |> CliValueType.OfFields Layout.Default

WoofWare.PawPrint/WoofWare.PawPrint.fsproj

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
     <Compile Include="Exceptions.fs" />
     <Compile Include="EvalStack.fs" />
     <Compile Include="EvalStackValueComparisons.fs" />
-    <Compile Include="BinaryArithmetic.fs" />
     <Compile Include="MethodState.fs" />
     <Compile Include="ThreadState.fs" />
     <Compile Include="IlMachineState.fs" />
+    <Compile Include="BinaryArithmetic.fs" />
     <Compile Include="Intrinsics.fs" />
     <Compile Include="IlMachineStateExecution.fs" />
     <Compile Include="NullaryIlOp.fs" />

flake.lock

@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1755736253,
-        "narHash": "sha256-jlIQRypNhB1PcB1BE+expE4xZeJxzoAGr1iUbHQta8s=",
+        "lastModified": 1756381814,
+        "narHash": "sha256-tzo7YvAsGlzo4WiIHT0ooR59VHu+aKRQdHk7sIyoia4=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "596312aae91421d6923f18cecce934a7d3bfd6b8",
+        "rev": "aca2499b79170038df0dbaec8bf2f689b506ad32",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {