mirror of
https://github.com/Smaug123/KaTeX
synced 2025-10-07 12:18:39 +00:00
Add support for \expandafter, \noexpand, \edef, \let, and \long (#2122)
* Add support for \expandafter * Add support for \noexpand * Add support for \edef * Update comments * Allow \long before macro definition * Update documentation * Update comments * Fix defPrefix * Add support for \let * Update documentation * Print error token * Update documentation * Check whether command is expandable * Add tests * Fix token order * Make noexpand a Token property * Throw error if control sequence is undefined when expanding * Rename expandableOnly to expandOnly * Make unexpandable macro property * Move \expandafter to macros.js * Add TODO * Fix merge conflict * Update a test case * Remove unused functions in MacroContextInterface * Update comments * Refactor code * Move \noexpand to macros * Update MacroExpander.js * Add a test case * Separate control sequence check to a function * Add support for \futurelet * Separate RHS getter to a function * Update documentation * Move expandOnly logic to expandOnce * Refactor code and update comments Co-authored-by: Kevin Barabash <kevinb@khanacademy.org>
This commit is contained in:
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ title: Common Issues
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behavior matches MathJax with its `color.js` extension enabled.
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- Equivalents of MathJax `\class`, `\cssId`, and `\style` are `\htmlClass`,
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`\htmlId`, and `\htmlStyle`, respectively, to avoid ambiguity.
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- Some symbols are defined using macro instead of `\DeclareMathSymbol` or similar
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as in LaTeX. This may cause different behavior in expansion. They may expand
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into multiple tokens and be affected by `\expandafter` and `\noexpand`.
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## Troubleshooting
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@@ -347,6 +347,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|Symbol/Function | Rendered | Source or Comment|
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|:---------------|:------------|:-----------------|
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|\edef|$\def\foo{a}\edef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{}\bar$|`\def\foo{a}\edef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{}\bar`|
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|\ell|$\ell$||
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|\else|<span style="color:firebrick;">Not supported</span>|[Issue #1003](https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX/issues/1003)|
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|\em|<span style="color:firebrick;">Not supported</span>||
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@@ -380,6 +381,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|\exist|$\exist$||
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|\exists|$\exists$||
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|\exp|$\exp$||
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|\expandafter|||
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## F
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@@ -396,6 +398,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|\frac|$\frac a b$|`\frac a b`|
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|\frak|$\frak{AaBb}$|`\frak{AaBb}`|
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|\frown|$\frown$||
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|\futurelet|||
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## G
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@@ -571,7 +574,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|\lesseqqgtr|$\lesseqqgtr$||
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|\lessgtr|$\lessgtr$||
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|\lesssim|$\lesssim$||
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|\let|<span style="color:firebrick;">Not supported</span>|[Issue #1413](https://github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX/issues/1413)|
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|\let|||
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|\lfloor|$\lfloor$||
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|\lg|$\lg$||
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|\lgroup|$\lgroup$||
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@@ -595,6 +598,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|\lnot|$\lnot$||
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|\lnsim|$\lnsim$||
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|\log|$\log$||
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|\long|||
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|\Longleftarrow|$\Longleftarrow$||
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|\longleftarrow|$\longleftarrow$||
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|\Longleftrightarrow|$\Longleftrightarrow$||
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@@ -718,6 +722,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|\nmid|$\nmid$||
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|\nobreak|||
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|\nobreakspace|$a\nobreakspace b$|`a\nobreakspace b`|
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|\noexpand|||
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|\nolimits|$\lim\nolimits_x$|`\lim\nolimits_x`|
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|\normalfont|<span style="color:firebrick;">Not supported</span>||
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|\normalsize|$\normalsize normalsize$|`\normalsize normalsize`|
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@@ -1197,6 +1202,7 @@ use `\ce` instead|
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|Symbol/Function | Rendered | Source or Comment|
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|:---------------|:------------|:-----------------|
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|\xcancel|$\xcancel{ABC}$|`\xcancel{ABC}`|
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|\xdef|$\def\foo{a}\xdef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{}\bar$|`\def\foo{a}\xdef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{}\bar`|
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|\Xi|$\Xi$||
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|\xi|$\xi$||
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|\xhookleftarrow|$\xhookleftarrow{abc}$|`\xhookleftarrow{abc}`|
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@@ -297,6 +297,10 @@ Direct Input: $∀ ∴ ∁ ∵ ∃ ∣ ∈ ∉ ∋ ⊂ ⊃ ∧ ∨ ↦ → ←
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|:-------------------------------------|:------
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|$\def\foo{x^2} \foo + \foo$ | `\def\foo{x^2} \foo + \foo`
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|$\gdef\bar#1{#1^2} \bar{y} + \bar{y}$ | `\gdef\bar#1{#1^2} \bar{y} + \bar{y}`
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| | `\edef\macroname#1#2…{definition to be expanded}`
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| | `\xdef\macroname#1#2…{definition to be expanded}`
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| | `\let\foo=\bar`
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| | `\futurelet\foo\bar x`
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| | `\global\def\macroname#1#2…{definition}`
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| | `\newcommand\macroname[numargs]{definition}`
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| | `\renewcommand\macroname[numargs]{definition}`
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@@ -306,11 +310,13 @@ Macros can also be defined in the KaTeX [rendering options](options.md).
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Macros accept up to nine arguments: #1, #2, etc.
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`\gdef` and `\global\def` macros will persist between math expressions.
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`\gdef`, `\xdef`, `\global\def`, `\global\edef`, `\global\let`, and `\global\futurelet` will persist between math expressions.
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KaTeX has no `\par`, so all macros are long by default and `\long` will be ignored.
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Available functions include:
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`\char` `\mathchoice` `\TextOrMath` `\@ifstar` `\@ifnextchar` `\@firstoftwo` `\@secondoftwo` `\relax`
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`\char` `\mathchoice` `\TextOrMath` `\@ifstar` `\@ifnextchar` `\@firstoftwo` `\@secondoftwo` `\relax` `\expandafter` `\noexpand`
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@ is a valid character for commands, as if `\makeatletter` were in effect.
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@@ -180,13 +180,19 @@ export default class MacroExpander implements MacroContextInterface {
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* At the moment, macro expansion doesn't handle delimited macros,
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* i.e. things like those defined by \def\foo#1\end{…}.
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* See the TeX book page 202ff. for details on how those should behave.
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*
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* If expandableOnly, only expandable tokens are expanded and
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* an undefined control sequence results in an error.
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*/
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expandOnce(): Token | Token[] {
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expandOnce(expandableOnly?: boolean): Token | Token[] {
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const topToken = this.popToken();
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const name = topToken.text;
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const expansion = this._getExpansion(name);
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if (expansion == null) { // mainly checking for undefined here
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// Fully expanded
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const expansion = !topToken.noexpand ? this._getExpansion(name) : null;
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if (expansion == null || (expandableOnly && expansion.unexpandable)) {
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if (expandableOnly && expansion == null &&
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name[0] === "\\" && !this.isDefined(name)) {
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throw new ParseError("Undefined control sequence: " + name);
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}
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this.pushToken(topToken);
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return topToken;
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}
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@@ -248,7 +254,9 @@ export default class MacroExpander implements MacroContextInterface {
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if (expanded instanceof Token) {
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// \relax stops the expansion, but shouldn't get returned (a
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// null return value couldn't get implemented as a function).
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if (expanded.text === "\\relax") {
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// the token after \noexpand is interpreted as if its meaning
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// were ‘\relax’
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if (expanded.text === "\\relax" || expanded.treatAsRelax) {
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this.stack.pop();
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} else {
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return this.stack.pop(); // === expanded
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@@ -266,16 +274,26 @@ export default class MacroExpander implements MacroContextInterface {
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* tokens, or return `undefined` if no such macro is defined.
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*/
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expandMacro(name: string): Token[] | void {
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if (!this.macros.get(name)) {
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return undefined;
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return this.macros.has(name)
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? this.expandTokens([new Token(name)]) : undefined;
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}
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/**
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* Fully expand the given token stream and return the resulting list of tokens
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*/
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expandTokens(tokens: Token[]): Token[] {
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const output = [];
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const oldStackLength = this.stack.length;
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this.pushToken(new Token(name));
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this.pushTokens(tokens);
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while (this.stack.length > oldStackLength) {
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const expanded = this.expandOnce();
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const expanded = this.expandOnce(true); // expand only expandable tokens
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// expandOnce returns Token if and only if it's fully expanded.
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if (expanded instanceof Token) {
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if (expanded.treatAsRelax) {
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// the expansion of \noexpand is the token itself
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expanded.noexpand = false;
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expanded.treatAsRelax = false;
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}
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output.push(this.stack.pop());
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}
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}
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@@ -342,4 +360,15 @@ export default class MacroExpander implements MacroContextInterface {
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symbols.text.hasOwnProperty(name) ||
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implicitCommands.hasOwnProperty(name);
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}
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/**
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* Determine whether a command is expandable.
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*/
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isExpandable(name: string): boolean {
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const macro = this.macros.get(name);
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return macro != null ? typeof macro === "string"
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|| typeof macro === "function" || !macro.unexpandable
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// TODO(ylem): #2085
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: functions.hasOwnProperty(name)/* && !functions[name].primitive*/;
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}
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}
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@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ export interface LexerInterface {input: string, tokenRegex: RegExp}
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export class Token {
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text: string;
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loc: ?SourceLocation;
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noexpand: ?boolean; // don't expand the token
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treatAsRelax: ?boolean; // used in \noexpand
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constructor(
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text: string, // the text of this token
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@@ -4,37 +4,87 @@ import ParseError from "../ParseError";
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import {assertNodeType} from "../parseNode";
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const globalMap = {
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"\\global": "\\global",
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"\\long": "\\\\globallong",
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"\\\\globallong": "\\\\globallong",
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"\\def": "\\gdef",
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"\\gdef": "\\gdef",
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"\\edef": "\\xdef",
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"\\xdef": "\\xdef",
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"\\let": "\\\\globallet",
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"\\futurelet": "\\\\globalfuture",
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};
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// Basic support for macro definitions:
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// \def\macro{expansion}
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// \def\macro#1{expansion}
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// \def\macro#1#2{expansion}
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// \def\macro#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8#9{expansion}
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// Also the \gdef and \global\def equivalents
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const checkControlSequence = (tok) => {
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const name = tok.text;
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if (/^(?:[\\{}$&#^_]|EOF)$/.test(name)) {
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throw new ParseError("Expected a control sequence", tok);
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}
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return name;
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};
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const getRHS = (parser) => {
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let tok = parser.gullet.popToken();
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if (tok.text === "=") { // consume optional equals
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tok = parser.gullet.popToken();
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if (tok.text === " ") { // consume one optional space
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tok = parser.gullet.popToken();
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}
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}
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return tok;
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};
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const letCommand = (parser, name, tok, global) => {
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let macro = parser.gullet.macros.get(tok.text);
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if (macro == null) {
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// don't expand it later even if a macro with the same name is defined
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// e.g., \let\foo=\frac \def\frac{\relax} \frac12
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tok.noexpand = true;
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macro = {
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tokens: [tok],
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numArgs: 0,
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// reproduce the same behavior in expansion
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unexpandable: !parser.gullet.isExpandable(tok.text),
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};
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}
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parser.gullet.macros.set(name, macro, global);
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};
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// <assignment> -> <non-macro assignment>|<macro assignment>
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// <non-macro assignment> -> <simple assignment>|\global<non-macro assignment>
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// <macro assignment> -> <definition>|<prefix><macro assignment>
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// <prefix> -> \global|\long|\outer
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defineFunction({
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type: "internal",
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names: ["\\global"],
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names: [
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"\\global", "\\long",
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"\\\\globallong", // can’t be entered directly
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],
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props: {
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numArgs: 0,
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allowedInText: true,
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},
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handler({parser}) {
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handler({parser, funcName}) {
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parser.consumeSpaces();
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const token = parser.fetch();
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if (globalMap[token.text]) {
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// KaTeX doesn't have \par, so ignore \long
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if (funcName === "\\global" || funcName === "\\\\globallong") {
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token.text = globalMap[token.text];
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}
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return assertNodeType(parser.parseFunction(), "internal");
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}
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throw new ParseError(`Invalid token after \\global`, token);
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throw new ParseError(`Invalid token after macro prefix`, token);
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},
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});
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// Basic support for macro definitions: \def, \gdef, \edef, \xdef
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// <definition> -> <def><control sequence><definition text>
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// <def> -> \def|\gdef|\edef|\xdef
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// <definition text> -> <parameter text><left brace><balanced text><right brace>
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defineFunction({
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type: "internal",
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names: ["\\def", "\\gdef"],
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names: ["\\def", "\\gdef", "\\edef", "\\xdef"],
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props: {
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numArgs: 0,
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allowedInText: true,
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@@ -65,11 +115,15 @@ defineFunction({
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}
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arg = parser.gullet.consumeArgs(1)[0];
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}
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if (funcName === "\\edef" || funcName === "\\xdef") {
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arg = parser.gullet.expandTokens(arg);
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arg.reverse(); // to fit in with stack order
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}
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// Final arg is the expansion of the macro
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parser.gullet.macros.set(name, {
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tokens: arg,
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numArgs,
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}, funcName === "\\gdef");
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}, funcName === globalMap[funcName]);
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return {
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type: "internal",
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@@ -77,3 +131,54 @@ defineFunction({
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};
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},
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});
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// <simple assignment> -> <let assignment>
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// <let assignment> -> \futurelet<control sequence><token><token>
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// | \let<control sequence><equals><one optional space><token>
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// <equals> -> <optional spaces>|<optional spaces>=
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defineFunction({
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type: "internal",
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names: [
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"\\let",
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"\\\\globallet", // can’t be entered directly
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],
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props: {
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numArgs: 0,
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allowedInText: true,
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},
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handler({parser, funcName}) {
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const name = checkControlSequence(parser.gullet.popToken());
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parser.gullet.consumeSpaces();
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const tok = getRHS(parser);
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letCommand(parser, name, tok, funcName === "\\\\globallet");
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return {
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type: "internal",
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mode: parser.mode,
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};
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},
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});
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// ref: https://www.tug.org/TUGboat/tb09-3/tb22bechtolsheim.pdf
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defineFunction({
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type: "internal",
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names: [
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"\\futurelet",
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"\\\\globalfuture", // can’t be entered directly
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],
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props: {
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numArgs: 0,
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allowedInText: true,
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},
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handler({parser, funcName}) {
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const name = checkControlSequence(parser.gullet.popToken());
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const middle = parser.gullet.popToken();
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const tok = parser.gullet.popToken();
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letCommand(parser, name, tok, funcName === "\\\\globalfuture");
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parser.gullet.pushToken(tok);
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parser.gullet.pushToken(middle);
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return {
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type: "internal",
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mode: parser.mode,
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};
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},
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});
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|
@@ -42,6 +42,11 @@ export interface MacroContextInterface {
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*/
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consumeSpaces(): void;
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/**
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* Expand the next token only once if possible.
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*/
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expandOnce(expandableOnly?: boolean): Token | Token[];
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/**
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* Expand the next token only once (if possible), and return the resulting
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* top token on the stack (without removing anything from the stack).
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@@ -79,10 +84,19 @@ export interface MacroContextInterface {
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* `implicitCommands`.
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*/
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isDefined(name: string): boolean;
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/**
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* Determine whether a command is expandable.
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*/
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isExpandable(name: string): boolean;
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}
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/** Macro tokens (in reverse order). */
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export type MacroExpansion = {tokens: Token[], numArgs: number};
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export type MacroExpansion = {
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tokens: Token[],
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numArgs: number,
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unexpandable?: boolean, // used in \let
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};
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export type MacroDefinition = string | MacroExpansion |
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(MacroContextInterface => (string | MacroExpansion));
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@@ -99,6 +113,29 @@ export function defineMacro(name: string, body: MacroDefinition) {
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//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// macro tools
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defineMacro("\\noexpand", function(context) {
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// The expansion is the token itself; but that token is interpreted
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// as if its meaning were ‘\relax’ if it is a control sequence that
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// would ordinarily be expanded by TeX’s expansion rules.
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const t = context.popToken();
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if (context.isExpandable(t.text)) {
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t.noexpand = true;
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t.treatAsRelax = true;
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}
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return {tokens: [t], numArgs: 0};
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});
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defineMacro("\\expandafter", function(context) {
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// TeX first reads the token that comes immediately after \expandafter,
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// without expanding it; let’s call this token t. Then TeX reads the
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||||
// token that comes after t (and possibly more tokens, if that token
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// has an argument), replacing it by its expansion. Finally TeX puts
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// t back in front of that expansion.
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const t = context.popToken();
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context.expandOnce(true); // expand only an expandable token
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return {tokens: [t], numArgs: 0};
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});
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// LaTeX's \@firstoftwo{#1}{#2} expands to #1, skipping #2
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// TeX source: \long\def\@firstoftwo#1#2{#1}
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defineMacro("\\@firstoftwo", function(context) {
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|
@@ -562,6 +562,42 @@ exports[`A font parser \\boldsymbol should inherit mbin/mrel from argument 1`] =
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]
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`;
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|
||||
exports[`A macro expander \\let should consume one optional space after equals sign 1`] = `
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "ordgroup",
|
||||
"body": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "font",
|
||||
"body": {
|
||||
"type": "ordgroup",
|
||||
"body": [
|
||||
{
|
||||
"type": "mathord",
|
||||
"loc": {
|
||||
"end": 39,
|
||||
"lexer": {
|
||||
"input": "\\\\def\\\\bold{\\\\bgroup\\\\bf\\\\let\\\\next= }\\\\bold{a}",
|
||||
"lastIndex": 40
|
||||
},
|
||||
"start": 38
|
||||
},
|
||||
"mode": "math",
|
||||
"text": "a"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"mode": "math"
|
||||
},
|
||||
"font": "mathbf",
|
||||
"mode": "math"
|
||||
}
|
||||
],
|
||||
"loc": null,
|
||||
"mode": "math"
|
||||
}
|
||||
]
|
||||
`;
|
||||
|
||||
exports[`A parse tree generator generates a tree 1`] = `
|
||||
[
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
@@ -2975,6 +2975,30 @@ describe("A macro expander", function() {
|
||||
}}));
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("should delay expansion if preceded by \\expandafter", function() {
|
||||
expect`\expandafter\foo\bar`.toParseLike("x+y", new Settings({macros: {
|
||||
"\\foo": "#1+#2",
|
||||
"\\bar": "xy",
|
||||
}}));
|
||||
expect`\def\foo{x}\def\bar{\def\foo{y}}\expandafter\bar\foo`.toParseLike`x`;
|
||||
// \def is not expandable, i.e., \expandafter doesn't define the macro
|
||||
expect`\expandafter\foo\def\foo{x}`.not.toParse();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("should not expand if preceded by \\noexpand", function() {
|
||||
// \foo is not expanded and interpreted as if its meaning were \relax
|
||||
expect`\noexpand\foo y`.toParseLike("y",
|
||||
new Settings({macros: {"\\foo": "x"}}));
|
||||
// \noexpand is expandable, so the second \foo is not expanded
|
||||
expect`\expandafter\foo\noexpand\foo`.toParseLike("x",
|
||||
new Settings({macros: {"\\foo": "x"}}));
|
||||
// \frac is a macro and therefore expandable
|
||||
expect`\noexpand\frac xy`.toParseLike`xy`;
|
||||
// TODO(ylem): #2085
|
||||
// \def is not expandable, so is not affected by \noexpand
|
||||
// expect`\noexpand\def\foo{xy}\foo`.toParseLike`xy`;
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("should allow for space macro argument (text version)", function() {
|
||||
expect`\text{\foo\bar}`.toParseLike(r`\text{( )}`, new Settings({macros: {
|
||||
"\\foo": "(#1)",
|
||||
@@ -3156,6 +3180,16 @@ describe("A macro expander", function() {
|
||||
//expect`\gdef{\foo}{}`.not.toParse();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\xdef should expand definition", function() {
|
||||
expect`\def\foo{a}\xdef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{}\bar`.toParseLike`a`;
|
||||
// \def\noexpand\foo{} expands into \def\foo{}
|
||||
expect`\def\foo{a}\xdef\bar{\def\noexpand\foo{}}\foo\bar\foo`.toParseLike`a`;
|
||||
// \foo\noexpand\foo expands into a\foo
|
||||
expect`\def\foo{a}\xdef\bar{\foo\noexpand\foo}\def\foo{b}\bar`.toParseLike`ab`;
|
||||
// \foo is not defined
|
||||
expect`\xdef\bar{\foo}`.not.toParse();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\def should be handled in Parser", () => {
|
||||
expect`\gdef\foo{1}`.toParse(new Settings({maxExpand: 0}));
|
||||
expect`2^\def\foo{1}2`.not.toParse();
|
||||
@@ -3177,13 +3211,23 @@ describe("A macro expander", function() {
|
||||
"\\x\\def\\x{5}\\x}\\x").toParseLike`1{2{34}35}3`;
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\global needs to followed by \\def", () => {
|
||||
it("\\global needs to followed by macro prefixes, \\def or \\edef", () => {
|
||||
expect`\global\def\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\global\edef\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\def\DEF{\def}\global\DEF\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\global\global\def\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\global\long\def\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\global\foo`.not.toParse();
|
||||
expect`\global\bar x`.not.toParse();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\long needs to followed by macro prefixes, \\def or \\edef", () => {
|
||||
expect`\long\def\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\long\edef\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\long\global\def\foo{}\foo`.toParseLike``;
|
||||
expect`\long\foo`.not.toParse();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("Macro arguments do not generate groups", () => {
|
||||
expect("\\def\\x{1}\\x\\def\\foo#1{#1}\\foo{\\x\\def\\x{2}\\x}\\x")
|
||||
.toParseLike`1122`;
|
||||
@@ -3225,6 +3269,30 @@ describe("A macro expander", function() {
|
||||
expect(macros["\\foo"]).toBeTruthy();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\let copies the definition", () => {
|
||||
expect`\let\foo=\frac\def\frac{}\foo12`.toParseLike`\frac12`;
|
||||
expect`\def\foo{1}\let\bar\foo\def\foo{2}\bar`.toParseLike`1`;
|
||||
expect`\let\foo=\kern\edef\bar{\foo1em}\let\kern=\relax\bar`.toParseLike`\kern1em`;
|
||||
// \foo = { (left brace)
|
||||
expect`\let\foo{\frac\foo1}{2}`.toParseLike`\frac{1}{2}`;
|
||||
// \equals = = (equal sign)
|
||||
expect`\let\equals==a\equals b`.toParseLike`a=b`;
|
||||
// \foo should not be expandable and not affected by \noexpand or \edef
|
||||
expect`\let\foo=x\noexpand\foo`.toParseLike`x`;
|
||||
expect`\let\foo=x\edef\bar{\foo}\def\foo{y}\bar`.toParseLike`y`;
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\let should consume one optional space after equals sign", () => {
|
||||
// https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/141166/let-foo-bar-vs-let-foo-bar-let-with-equals-sign
|
||||
expect`\def\:{\let\space= }\: \text{\space}`.toParseLike`\text{ }`;
|
||||
const tree = getParsed`\def\bold{\bgroup\bf\let\next= }\bold{a}`;
|
||||
expect(tree).toMatchSnapshot();
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\futurelet should parse correctly", () => {
|
||||
expect`\futurelet\foo\frac1{2+\foo}`.toParseLike`\frac1{2+1}`;
|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
it("\\newcommand doesn't change settings.macros", () => {
|
||||
const macros = {};
|
||||
expect`\newcommand\foo{x^2}\foo+\foo`.toParse(new Settings({macros}));
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user